語系:
繁體中文
English
說明(常見問題)
回圖書館首頁
手機版館藏查詢
登入
回首頁
切換:
標籤
|
MARC模式
|
ISBD
Beyond Compare: Investigating the Ef...
~
Cahn, Joel .
FindBook
Google Book
Amazon
博客來
Beyond Compare: Investigating the Effects of Compositional Characteristics and Method Selection on the Results of Skeletal Analyses.
紀錄類型:
書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:
Beyond Compare: Investigating the Effects of Compositional Characteristics and Method Selection on the Results of Skeletal Analyses./
作者:
Cahn, Joel .
出版者:
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2019,
面頁冊數:
141 p.
附註:
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 81-05, Section: B.
Contained By:
Dissertations Abstracts International81-05B.
標題:
Physical anthropology. -
電子資源:
http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=22624090
ISBN:
9781392384664
Beyond Compare: Investigating the Effects of Compositional Characteristics and Method Selection on the Results of Skeletal Analyses.
Cahn, Joel .
Beyond Compare: Investigating the Effects of Compositional Characteristics and Method Selection on the Results of Skeletal Analyses.
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2019 - 141 p.
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 81-05, Section: B.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Toronto (Canada), 2019.
This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
Populations are routinely characterized and compared through their prevalence of skeletal lesions. To investigate the effects of both age structure and differential bone preservation on intergroup prevalence comparisons, counts of healed trauma were compared using a variety of statistical approaches, between individuals from two populations with different cultural contexts, age compositions and element preservations: the J.C.B. Grant collection (n=172) and the Luis Lopes collection (n=161). While the bone-years metric addressed the issue of preservation-confounding that skews the person-years metric, it erroneously assumes the stability of fracture risk over the life course. Comparison of age-stratified groups by way of the common odds ratio was found to be the most reliable method for the comparison of fracture data. Workarounds to small sample sizes (extrapolating to larger sample sizes or inserting dummy values into null fields) were both found to cause more problems than they solved. Comparing element aggregates (e.g. total long bones, total cranial bones) is another potential means to detect significant intergroup or intragroup differences, however due to the common cooccurrence of certain fractures and the difficulty in reliably assessing fracture timing, the use of these aggregates also risks introducing bias. Comparing the number of individuals with at least one fracture of interest was found to be the most resilient way of mitigating bias while having the necessary scope to detect different skeletal manifestations of an event of interest. The odds of an individual in the Grant collection having at least one nasal fracture were found to be 3 times higher than in the Lisbon collection, and this overall difference was driven by differences in those 55 years of age or older. The trauma results are consistent with the boxing-etiology hypothesis which posits that the increased visibility and ritualization of specific behaviour through sport (i.e. fighting with one's fists in boxing and prizefighting, popular activities in British populations) validates that behaviour as socially acceptable, and increases its prevalence in non-sport venues such as physical assaults. To ensure the most robust and defensible interpretations possible, researchers comparing skeletal phenomena within or between groups must ensure that they consider both the preservation and the demographic makeup of their samples, and choose their comparative approach mindfully.
ISBN: 9781392384664Subjects--Topical Terms:
518358
Physical anthropology.
Subjects--Index Terms:
Bioarchaeology
Beyond Compare: Investigating the Effects of Compositional Characteristics and Method Selection on the Results of Skeletal Analyses.
LDR
:03805nmm a2200397 4500
001
2273911
005
20201109125347.5
008
220629s2019 ||||||||||||||||| ||eng d
020
$a
9781392384664
035
$a
(MiAaPQ)AAI22624090
035
$a
AAI22624090
040
$a
MiAaPQ
$c
MiAaPQ
100
1
$a
Cahn, Joel .
$3
3551369
245
1 0
$a
Beyond Compare: Investigating the Effects of Compositional Characteristics and Method Selection on the Results of Skeletal Analyses.
260
1
$a
Ann Arbor :
$b
ProQuest Dissertations & Theses,
$c
2019
300
$a
141 p.
500
$a
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 81-05, Section: B.
500
$a
Advisor: Rogers, Tracy L.
502
$a
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Toronto (Canada), 2019.
506
$a
This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
506
$a
This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
520
$a
Populations are routinely characterized and compared through their prevalence of skeletal lesions. To investigate the effects of both age structure and differential bone preservation on intergroup prevalence comparisons, counts of healed trauma were compared using a variety of statistical approaches, between individuals from two populations with different cultural contexts, age compositions and element preservations: the J.C.B. Grant collection (n=172) and the Luis Lopes collection (n=161). While the bone-years metric addressed the issue of preservation-confounding that skews the person-years metric, it erroneously assumes the stability of fracture risk over the life course. Comparison of age-stratified groups by way of the common odds ratio was found to be the most reliable method for the comparison of fracture data. Workarounds to small sample sizes (extrapolating to larger sample sizes or inserting dummy values into null fields) were both found to cause more problems than they solved. Comparing element aggregates (e.g. total long bones, total cranial bones) is another potential means to detect significant intergroup or intragroup differences, however due to the common cooccurrence of certain fractures and the difficulty in reliably assessing fracture timing, the use of these aggregates also risks introducing bias. Comparing the number of individuals with at least one fracture of interest was found to be the most resilient way of mitigating bias while having the necessary scope to detect different skeletal manifestations of an event of interest. The odds of an individual in the Grant collection having at least one nasal fracture were found to be 3 times higher than in the Lisbon collection, and this overall difference was driven by differences in those 55 years of age or older. The trauma results are consistent with the boxing-etiology hypothesis which posits that the increased visibility and ritualization of specific behaviour through sport (i.e. fighting with one's fists in boxing and prizefighting, popular activities in British populations) validates that behaviour as socially acceptable, and increases its prevalence in non-sport venues such as physical assaults. To ensure the most robust and defensible interpretations possible, researchers comparing skeletal phenomena within or between groups must ensure that they consider both the preservation and the demographic makeup of their samples, and choose their comparative approach mindfully.
590
$a
School code: 0779.
650
4
$a
Physical anthropology.
$3
518358
650
4
$a
Statistics.
$3
517247
650
4
$a
Epidemiology.
$3
568544
653
$a
Bioarchaeology
653
$a
Data comparison
653
$a
Osteology
653
$a
Paleoepidemiology
653
$a
Paleopathology
653
$a
Skeletal trauma
690
$a
0327
690
$a
0463
690
$a
0766
710
2
$a
University of Toronto (Canada).
$b
Anthropology.
$3
2100321
773
0
$t
Dissertations Abstracts International
$g
81-05B.
790
$a
0779
791
$a
Ph.D.
792
$a
2019
793
$a
English
856
4 0
$u
http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=22624090
筆 0 讀者評論
館藏地:
全部
電子資源
出版年:
卷號:
館藏
1 筆 • 頁數 1 •
1
條碼號
典藏地名稱
館藏流通類別
資料類型
索書號
使用類型
借閱狀態
預約狀態
備註欄
附件
W9426145
電子資源
11.線上閱覽_V
電子書
EB
一般使用(Normal)
在架
0
1 筆 • 頁數 1 •
1
多媒體
評論
新增評論
分享你的心得
Export
取書館
處理中
...
變更密碼
登入