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Measuring Mixtures of Environmental ...

Johnson, Caitlin C.

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Measuring Mixtures of Environmental Pollutants in Human Plasma Samples from Three Study Populations.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Measuring Mixtures of Environmental Pollutants in Human Plasma Samples from Three Study Populations./
Author:	Johnson, Caitlin C.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2020,
Description:	224 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 81-12, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International81-12B.
Subject:	Environmental health. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=27957150
ISBN:	9798645498733

Measuring Mixtures of Environmental Pollutants in Human Plasma Samples from Three Study Populations.
Johnson, Caitlin C.

Measuring Mixtures of Environmental Pollutants in Human Plasma Samples from Three Study Populations. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2020 - 224 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 81-12, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Tufts University, 2020.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Chemical exposures often occur in mixtures and at low concentrations. However, current chemical regulations often do not account for additive effects of chemical mixtures and may underestimate toxicity of similarly-acting compounds. Research of chemical mixtures can help to identify new candidates for regulation and help quantify the dose-response effects of chemical mixtures. The research described herein outlines three research projects which address knowledge gaps in the current research of chemical mixtures.Chapter 3 describes development of a two-stage analytical method to measure detection rates of 122 chemicals and report quantitative concentrations for 42 chemicals in plasma. Plasma concentrations are reported for several chemicals routinely measured in human urine but rarely measured in plasma. We also report the first plasma measurements of isosafrole and hexachlorobutadiene. Results are being used by collaborators to examine environmental risk factors for autism spectrum disorder.Chapter 4 addresses the measurement of 30 persistent organic pollutants in plasma samples from the Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America study. This is the first study of biomarkers of exposure in the plasma of Indian immigrants to the US and revealed elevated plasma concentrations of several chlorinated pesticides. Plasma concentrations of DDT isomers for this population were up to eight times higher than the US median concentrations as measured by the National Health and Nutrition Examination Study. Modeling of type 2 diabetes risk biomarkers revealed that the sum of DDT isomers was significantly associated with decreased insulin sensitivity, increased circulating insulin, and increased hepatic fat.Chapter 5 describes the measurement of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in plasma from 58 individuals from the Community Assessment of Freeway Exposure and Health study. We examined relationships between estimated annual ultrafine particle exposure, plasma PAH levels, and biomarkers of cardiovascular risk. Multivariate models revealed a significant (p < 0.001) association between interleukin-6 and a mixture of benzo[ghi]perylene, fluoranthene, and pyrene, and a positive association (p < 0.05) between high sensitivity C-reactive protein and a mixture of anthracene, phenanthrene, and benzo[ghi]perylene. This is the first study to demonstrate an association between plasma PAH levels and cardiovascular risk.

ISBN: 9798645498733Subjects--Topical Terms:

543032
Environmental health.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Autism spectrum disorder

Measuring Mixtures of Environmental Pollutants in Human Plasma Samples from Three Study Populations.
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