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Evaluation of Wastewater Disinfectan...

Hassaballah, Abdulrahman Hisham.

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Evaluation of Wastewater Disinfectants Against Microorganisms and Extracellular DNA.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Evaluation of Wastewater Disinfectants Against Microorganisms and Extracellular DNA./
作者:	Hassaballah, Abdulrahman Hisham.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2020,
面頁冊數:	182 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 81-09, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International81-09B.
標題:	Environmental engineering. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=27735146
ISBN:	9781658421713

Evaluation of Wastewater Disinfectants Against Microorganisms and Extracellular DNA.
Hassaballah, Abdulrahman Hisham.

Evaluation of Wastewater Disinfectants Against Microorganisms and Extracellular DNA. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2020 - 182 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 81-09, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--State University of New York at Buffalo, 2020.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Wastewater disinfection is important to protect human and ecosystem health. Peracetic acid (PAA) is gaining popularity as a wastewater disinfectant, and has the advantage of being less toxic to aquatic species and forming fewer known disinfection byproducts than traditionally used chlorine. Assessment of the relative performance of PAA and chlorine at different exposures and seasonal temperatures is still needed to promote utility adoption, especially in cold environments and for non-traditional applications such as water reuse. While laboratory studies have shown promising results on PAA's disinfection performance, knowledge gaps still remain regarding scale-up and the potential additive effect of combining PAA treatment with ultraviolet (UV) light. This dissertation examines the inactivation performance of PAA, chlorine (NaOCl), UV, and combined PAA plus UV against fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) used as water quality indicators (specifically fecal coliforms, E. coli, and Enterococcus spp.), somatic coliphage (a virus that infects E. coli), and Cryptosporidium parvum (a protozoan pathogen). In addition to microorganisms, this dissertation investigates the effect of disinfectants on extracellular DNA, which is an important area of research as concern increases that antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) released into the environment, in wastewater effluent, could contribute to the spread of antimicrobial resistance (AR) worldwide. The first chapter in this dissertation presents laboratory experiments evaluating the relative performance of PAA, NaOCl, and PAA plus UV at different exposures and seasonal temperatures, and against a range of microorganisms in authentic wastewater. Results showed PAA and NaOCl achieving comparable inactivation of E. coli and Enterococcus spp., with Enterococcus spp. exhibiting more susceptibility to increases in contact time than E. coli. Neither PAA nor NaOCl were as effective as UV at inactivating somatic coliphage, and the combined PAA plus UV was even more effective for inactivation of somatic coliphage. Cryptosporidium parvum exhibited the greatest resistance to disinfection, with all treatments achieving minimal inactivation. The second chapter of this dissertation presents a pilot-scale study of PAA performance at a local wastewater treatment plant. This study showed that increasing the applied PAA C·t resulted in an increase in the log reduction of FIB and somatic coliphage in both secondary and tertiary effluents. The relative effectiveness of increasing the applied PAA concentration versus contact time to improve microbial inactivation varied among the microorganisms. Combined PAA plus UV treatment achieved higher inactivation than PAA only for somatic coliphage in secondary effluent, and for fecal coliforms, E. coli and somatic coliphage in tertiary effluent. The third chapter of this dissertation presents laboratory experiments investigating extracellular DNA degradation by PAA, NaOCl, and PAA plus UV. NaOCl was more effective than PAA at degrading extracellular DNA in molecular grade water (MGW). In secondary effluent, both disinfectants were much less effective, and PAA appeared to be more effective than NaOCl, especially at high C·ts. UV effectively degraded extracellular DNA and had a synergistic effect when combined with PAA. Collectively, this dissertation enhances our understanding of disinfection treatments and provides evidence to support the use of PAA as a wastewater disinfectant capable of disinfecting and degrading a variety of wastewater pollutants, especially when applied in combination with UV.

ISBN: 9781658421713Subjects--Topical Terms:

548583
Environmental engineering.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Coliphage

Evaluation of Wastewater Disinfectants Against Microorganisms and Extracellular DNA.
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506 $a This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
506 $a This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
520 $a Wastewater disinfection is important to protect human and ecosystem health. Peracetic acid (PAA) is gaining popularity as a wastewater disinfectant, and has the advantage of being less toxic to aquatic species and forming fewer known disinfection byproducts than traditionally used chlorine. Assessment of the relative performance of PAA and chlorine at different exposures and seasonal temperatures is still needed to promote utility adoption, especially in cold environments and for non-traditional applications such as water reuse. While laboratory studies have shown promising results on PAA's disinfection performance, knowledge gaps still remain regarding scale-up and the potential additive effect of combining PAA treatment with ultraviolet (UV) light. This dissertation examines the inactivation performance of PAA, chlorine (NaOCl), UV, and combined PAA plus UV against fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) used as water quality indicators (specifically fecal coliforms, E. coli, and Enterococcus spp.), somatic coliphage (a virus that infects E. coli), and Cryptosporidium parvum (a protozoan pathogen). In addition to microorganisms, this dissertation investigates the effect of disinfectants on extracellular DNA, which is an important area of research as concern increases that antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) released into the environment, in wastewater effluent, could contribute to the spread of antimicrobial resistance (AR) worldwide. The first chapter in this dissertation presents laboratory experiments evaluating the relative performance of PAA, NaOCl, and PAA plus UV at different exposures and seasonal temperatures, and against a range of microorganisms in authentic wastewater. Results showed PAA and NaOCl achieving comparable inactivation of E. coli and Enterococcus spp., with Enterococcus spp. exhibiting more susceptibility to increases in contact time than E. coli. Neither PAA nor NaOCl were as effective as UV at inactivating somatic coliphage, and the combined PAA plus UV was even more effective for inactivation of somatic coliphage. Cryptosporidium parvum exhibited the greatest resistance to disinfection, with all treatments achieving minimal inactivation. The second chapter of this dissertation presents a pilot-scale study of PAA performance at a local wastewater treatment plant. This study showed that increasing the applied PAA C·t resulted in an increase in the log reduction of FIB and somatic coliphage in both secondary and tertiary effluents. The relative effectiveness of increasing the applied PAA concentration versus contact time to improve microbial inactivation varied among the microorganisms. Combined PAA plus UV treatment achieved higher inactivation than PAA only for somatic coliphage in secondary effluent, and for fecal coliforms, E. coli and somatic coliphage in tertiary effluent. The third chapter of this dissertation presents laboratory experiments investigating extracellular DNA degradation by PAA, NaOCl, and PAA plus UV. NaOCl was more effective than PAA at degrading extracellular DNA in molecular grade water (MGW). In secondary effluent, both disinfectants were much less effective, and PAA appeared to be more effective than NaOCl, especially at high C·ts. UV effectively degraded extracellular DNA and had a synergistic effect when combined with PAA. Collectively, this dissertation enhances our understanding of disinfection treatments and provides evidence to support the use of PAA as a wastewater disinfectant capable of disinfecting and degrading a variety of wastewater pollutants, especially when applied in combination with UV.
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