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Astrophysical Observables of Cosmic ...

Zhang, Yiyang .

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Astrophysical Observables of Cosmic First Order Phase Transitions.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Astrophysical Observables of Cosmic First Order Phase Transitions./
作者:	Zhang, Yiyang .
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2020,
面頁冊數:	167 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 81-09, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International81-09B.
標題:	Physics. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=27738564
ISBN:	9781392887257

Astrophysical Observables of Cosmic First Order Phase Transitions.
Zhang, Yiyang .

Astrophysical Observables of Cosmic First Order Phase Transitions. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2020 - 167 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 81-09, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Washington University in St. Louis, 2020.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Cosmic first order phase transitions in the early Universe can lead to several observable consequences like the production of magnetic fields and gravitational waves. In the first part of this thesis, we use numerical simulations to study the production of magnetic fields in the electroweak phase transition. We first investigate whether the topology of pure gauge fields in the electroweak vacuum can play a role in the classical dynamics at the electroweak phase transition. Our numerical analysis shows that magnetic fields are produced if the initial vacuum has non-trivial Chern-Simons number, and that the fields are helical if the Chern-Simons number changes during the phase transition. Several well-motivated extensions of the Standard Model predict a first order electroweak phase transition, and we turn to this case next with the help of a scheme for random bubble nucleation. We find that about 10% of the latent heat is converted into magnetic energy, with most of the magnetic fields being generated after the phase transition when the Higgs oscillates around the true vacuum. The energy spectrum of the magnetic field has a peak that shifts towards larger length scales as the phase transition unfolds. By the end of our runs the peak wavelength is of the order of the bubble percolation scale, or about a third of our lattice size. In the second part of the thesis, we study the generation of gravitational waves from a first order phase transition induced by an axion-like particle (ALP) at some high energy scale $f_a$. We show that if the ALP has a nonzero coupling to the Standard Model Higgs boson, the phase transition could be first order, thereby producing stochastic gravitational waves that are potentially observable in current and future gravitational-wave detectors such as TianQin, Big Bang Observer (BBO) and Cosmic Explorer (CE). The gravitational wave detection prospects are independent of the ALP mass and largely complementary to current laboratory, astrophysical and cosmological probes of these scenarios.

ISBN: 9781392887257Subjects--Topical Terms:

516296
Physics.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Axion-like particle

Astrophysical Observables of Cosmic First Order Phase Transitions.
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520 $a Cosmic first order phase transitions in the early Universe can lead to several observable consequences like the production of magnetic fields and gravitational waves. In the first part of this thesis, we use numerical simulations to study the production of magnetic fields in the electroweak phase transition. We first investigate whether the topology of pure gauge fields in the electroweak vacuum can play a role in the classical dynamics at the electroweak phase transition. Our numerical analysis shows that magnetic fields are produced if the initial vacuum has non-trivial Chern-Simons number, and that the fields are helical if the Chern-Simons number changes during the phase transition. Several well-motivated extensions of the Standard Model predict a first order electroweak phase transition, and we turn to this case next with the help of a scheme for random bubble nucleation. We find that about 10% of the latent heat is converted into magnetic energy, with most of the magnetic fields being generated after the phase transition when the Higgs oscillates around the true vacuum. The energy spectrum of the magnetic field has a peak that shifts towards larger length scales as the phase transition unfolds. By the end of our runs the peak wavelength is of the order of the bubble percolation scale, or about a third of our lattice size. In the second part of the thesis, we study the generation of gravitational waves from a first order phase transition induced by an axion-like particle (ALP) at some high energy scale $f_a$. We show that if the ALP has a nonzero coupling to the Standard Model Higgs boson, the phase transition could be first order, thereby producing stochastic gravitational waves that are potentially observable in current and future gravitational-wave detectors such as TianQin, Big Bang Observer (BBO) and Cosmic Explorer (CE). The gravitational wave detection prospects are independent of the ALP mass and largely complementary to current laboratory, astrophysical and cosmological probes of these scenarios.
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