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Modeling Framework for Socially Inclusive Bikesharing Services.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Modeling Framework for Socially Inclusive Bikesharing Services./
作者:	Qian, Xiaodong.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2019,
面頁冊數:	137 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 81-09, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International81-09B.
標題:	Transportation. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=22624723
ISBN:	9781658412148

Modeling Framework for Socially Inclusive Bikesharing Services.
Qian, Xiaodong.

Modeling Framework for Socially Inclusive Bikesharing Services. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2019 - 137 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 81-09, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Davis, 2019.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Bikeshare programs are increasingly popular in the United States and they are an important part of sustainable transportation systems, offering a viable mode choice for many types of last-mile trips. This popularity means that an increasing number of people can enjoy the convenience of cycling and the associated physical health benefits without actually owning a bike (or having access to their own bikes). However, bikeshare systems have not captured high levels of ridership from disadvantaged populations. Many barriers exist that prohibit residents from disadvantaged communities from accessing bikeshare services. These barriers include absence of bikeshare stations within walking distances, lack of financial resources, cultural barriers, and/or unsafe cycling environments. Most of the current research on bikeshare programs focuses on societal benefits (e.g. reducing greenhouse gas emissions by replacing auto trips with bike trips) and bikeshare system management (e.g., bike repositioning between stations). There is some emerging research focused on equity issues in developing bikeshare. However, far less attention has been paid to bikeshare programs' potential benefits for disadvantaged communities and virtually no quantitative research on how to design bikeshare systems to improve access for these populations. This dissertation work addresses three fundamental bikeshare equity problems. Chapter 2 examines whether bikeshare systems have targeted specific populations, and second, I quantitatively assess the potential for bikeshare systems to provide greater accessibility for disadvantaged communities. The results demonstrate that a well-designed bikeshare system can generate greater accessibility improvements for disadvantaged communities compared to the same system for other populations. Using a newly developed spatial index that combines the potential for increased access to jobs and essential services, the level of bike infrastructure, and the disadvantaged population shares, I also find evidence that existing bikeshare systems have been specifically designed to target certain populations. The spatial index can be applied to identify potential locations to locate bikeshare stations (dock-based bikeshare systems) or rebalance bikes (dockless bikeshare systems) to address bikeshare equity issues. In Chapter 3, I extend knowledge about how to estimate bikeshare ridership in underserved communities. This research fills a gap by analyzing the current utilization rates of bikeshare systems among disadvantaged populations. I specify a negative binomial regression model to estimate bikeshare ridership using data from Chicago's bikeshare system (Divvy). The results show that bikeshare stations in disadvantaged communities generate significantly fewer bikeshare trips than stations in other areas. Among the factors influencing bikeshare trips, employment rate has the highest positive marginal effect when considering limited job opportunities in disadvantaged areas. I also find that the bikeshare trip utilization rate differs greatly between annual members and day-pass users from disadvantaged communities. The proportion of trips by subscribers is significantly lower in disadvantaged communities than in other areas. Interestingly, residents in disadvantaged communities tend to make longer bikeshare trips if they are annual members. Based on the findings, I discuss planning implications for a socially inclusive and equitable bikeshare system. Finally, in Chapter 4, I develop a destination competing model to estimate destination choices and analyze spatial patterns. Here, I show that users in disadvantaged areas are more likely to make bikeshare trips to achieve accessibility improvements, particularly to job opportunities. Members of disadvantaged areas paying annual fees are more likely to travel longer distance to other areas in order to reach additional opportunities. However, these disadvantaged riders are also more sensitive to extra charge after a free ride and that marginal cost for a bikeshare trip will eventually restrict their flexibility in using bikeshare services. I conclude the dissertation with a review of major findings and suggestions for developing a socially inclusive bikeshare system for both local municipalities and system operators.

ISBN: 9781658412148Subjects--Topical Terms:

555912
Transportation.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Bikeshare

Modeling Framework for Socially Inclusive Bikesharing Services.
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520 $a Bikeshare programs are increasingly popular in the United States and they are an important part of sustainable transportation systems, offering a viable mode choice for many types of last-mile trips. This popularity means that an increasing number of people can enjoy the convenience of cycling and the associated physical health benefits without actually owning a bike (or having access to their own bikes). However, bikeshare systems have not captured high levels of ridership from disadvantaged populations. Many barriers exist that prohibit residents from disadvantaged communities from accessing bikeshare services. These barriers include absence of bikeshare stations within walking distances, lack of financial resources, cultural barriers, and/or unsafe cycling environments. Most of the current research on bikeshare programs focuses on societal benefits (e.g. reducing greenhouse gas emissions by replacing auto trips with bike trips) and bikeshare system management (e.g., bike repositioning between stations). There is some emerging research focused on equity issues in developing bikeshare. However, far less attention has been paid to bikeshare programs' potential benefits for disadvantaged communities and virtually no quantitative research on how to design bikeshare systems to improve access for these populations. This dissertation work addresses three fundamental bikeshare equity problems. Chapter 2 examines whether bikeshare systems have targeted specific populations, and second, I quantitatively assess the potential for bikeshare systems to provide greater accessibility for disadvantaged communities. The results demonstrate that a well-designed bikeshare system can generate greater accessibility improvements for disadvantaged communities compared to the same system for other populations. Using a newly developed spatial index that combines the potential for increased access to jobs and essential services, the level of bike infrastructure, and the disadvantaged population shares, I also find evidence that existing bikeshare systems have been specifically designed to target certain populations. The spatial index can be applied to identify potential locations to locate bikeshare stations (dock-based bikeshare systems) or rebalance bikes (dockless bikeshare systems) to address bikeshare equity issues. In Chapter 3, I extend knowledge about how to estimate bikeshare ridership in underserved communities. This research fills a gap by analyzing the current utilization rates of bikeshare systems among disadvantaged populations. I specify a negative binomial regression model to estimate bikeshare ridership using data from Chicago's bikeshare system (Divvy). The results show that bikeshare stations in disadvantaged communities generate significantly fewer bikeshare trips than stations in other areas. Among the factors influencing bikeshare trips, employment rate has the highest positive marginal effect when considering limited job opportunities in disadvantaged areas. I also find that the bikeshare trip utilization rate differs greatly between annual members and day-pass users from disadvantaged communities. The proportion of trips by subscribers is significantly lower in disadvantaged communities than in other areas. Interestingly, residents in disadvantaged communities tend to make longer bikeshare trips if they are annual members. Based on the findings, I discuss planning implications for a socially inclusive and equitable bikeshare system. Finally, in Chapter 4, I develop a destination competing model to estimate destination choices and analyze spatial patterns. Here, I show that users in disadvantaged areas are more likely to make bikeshare trips to achieve accessibility improvements, particularly to job opportunities. Members of disadvantaged areas paying annual fees are more likely to travel longer distance to other areas in order to reach additional opportunities. However, these disadvantaged riders are also more sensitive to extra charge after a free ride and that marginal cost for a bikeshare trip will eventually restrict their flexibility in using bikeshare services. I conclude the dissertation with a review of major findings and suggestions for developing a socially inclusive bikeshare system for both local municipalities and system operators.
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