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Sensory and Consumer Evaluation of C...

Simons, Tyler Jeffrey.

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Sensory and Consumer Evaluation of California-grown Citrus Fruit.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Sensory and Consumer Evaluation of California-grown Citrus Fruit./
Author:	Simons, Tyler Jeffrey.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2019,
Description:	284 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 81-04, Section: A.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International81-04A.
Subject:	Food science. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=13895533
ISBN:	9781085797689

Sensory and Consumer Evaluation of California-grown Citrus Fruit.
Simons, Tyler Jeffrey.

Sensory and Consumer Evaluation of California-grown Citrus Fruit. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2019 - 284 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 81-04, Section: A.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Davis, 2019.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Customer preferences for California-grown citrus fruit was investigated using a combination of consumer testing, qualitative analysis, chemical profiling and sensory descriptive analysis.In the first year of the project, adult and child consumers were recruited to evaluate commercially available mandarins and navel oranges across the ripening season. A trained descriptive analysis panel and sugar and acid values were also collected on randomly sampled fruit. For the mandarins, it was found that the majority of adults and children preferred fruit that was higher in sweetness, peelability, mandarin aroma, and fruit firmness. A cluster of adults consisting of 23% of the tested population showed a strong preference for more sour fruit. For the commercial oranges, many consumers preferred fruit higher in overall and orange flavors, as well as sweetness and juiciness. It was found that commercially produced navel oranges are very similar and are liked by consumers.The next year, the previous experiment with oranges was repeated and paired with chemical analyses consisting of metabolomics and flavoromics. It was found again that sweetness, overall flavor, sourness, fruitiness, and juiciness were the main sensory attributes that were related to liking. Sweetness and sourness were best explained by fructose and glucose while sourness was best explained by citrate and ascorbate. Fruitiness was found to be most related to ethanol content.The third component of this research focused on experimental and specialty varieties of mandarins and oranges. In one experiment, different rootstocks were evaluated using an experimental scion, 'DaisySL', through the same methods as noted above. One rootstock, Schaub Rough Lemon (C. jambhiri Lush), was found to produce lower concentrations of both sugars and acids which conferred differences in sensory properties between the three rootstocks. The adult consumers showed significance preference for the other two rootstocks in comparison to the Schaub Rough Lemon rootstock.Another experiment evaluated specialty mandarins and commercially produced mandarins. These included many experimental varieties grown at the Lindcove Research and Extension Center in Exeter, California. The top performing mandarin varieties included the test varieties of 'Kinnow_LS', 'DaisySL', and 'Shasta Gold' as well as a commercially produced clementine. This work also investigated repeated clustering solutions for the consumer population. It was found that the consumers repeatedly segmented into two clusters, despite a varying population that evaluated different products. In each case, one of the clusters showed avoidance of sour fruit, confirmed through descriptive analysis, metabolomic profiling of citric acid, and through use of a Just-About-Right question.The final study detailed in this dissertation discusses work performed on specialty oranges including blood and Cara Cara varieties through descriptive, chemical, and consumer methods paired with qualitative focus group panels of naive adult consumers. Darker fruit (Moro and Bream Tarocco varieties) were rated high in berry and dried fruit flavors by the descriptive panel which many consumers did not prefer. The Cara Cara oranges were well received by the tasters and the focus group participants. Lighter colored varieties, including Tarocco and Boukhobza, also showed promise. The focus group panels noted that a lack of familiarity with blood oranges but expressed interest in exploring the different varieties.This work was conducted to benefit the citrus industry as a whole. We identified consumer preference habits across a broad range of California-grown citrus fruits including many commercial, experimental, and specialty mandarins and oranges. Consumer preferences were found to be heterogenous with respect to both chemical and sensory stimuli for both adults and children. While consumers are generally pleased with the fresh citrus fruits grown in California, improvements in terms of flavor and production are still possible.

ISBN: 9781085797689Subjects--Topical Terms:

3173303
Food science.
Subjects--Index Terms:

California

Sensory and Consumer Evaluation of California-grown Citrus Fruit.
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500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 81-04, Section: A.
500 $a Advisor: Guinard, Jean-Xavier.
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506 $a This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
520 $a Customer preferences for California-grown citrus fruit was investigated using a combination of consumer testing, qualitative analysis, chemical profiling and sensory descriptive analysis.In the first year of the project, adult and child consumers were recruited to evaluate commercially available mandarins and navel oranges across the ripening season. A trained descriptive analysis panel and sugar and acid values were also collected on randomly sampled fruit. For the mandarins, it was found that the majority of adults and children preferred fruit that was higher in sweetness, peelability, mandarin aroma, and fruit firmness. A cluster of adults consisting of 23% of the tested population showed a strong preference for more sour fruit. For the commercial oranges, many consumers preferred fruit higher in overall and orange flavors, as well as sweetness and juiciness. It was found that commercially produced navel oranges are very similar and are liked by consumers.The next year, the previous experiment with oranges was repeated and paired with chemical analyses consisting of metabolomics and flavoromics. It was found again that sweetness, overall flavor, sourness, fruitiness, and juiciness were the main sensory attributes that were related to liking. Sweetness and sourness were best explained by fructose and glucose while sourness was best explained by citrate and ascorbate. Fruitiness was found to be most related to ethanol content.The third component of this research focused on experimental and specialty varieties of mandarins and oranges. In one experiment, different rootstocks were evaluated using an experimental scion, 'DaisySL', through the same methods as noted above. One rootstock, Schaub Rough Lemon (C. jambhiri Lush), was found to produce lower concentrations of both sugars and acids which conferred differences in sensory properties between the three rootstocks. The adult consumers showed significance preference for the other two rootstocks in comparison to the Schaub Rough Lemon rootstock.Another experiment evaluated specialty mandarins and commercially produced mandarins. These included many experimental varieties grown at the Lindcove Research and Extension Center in Exeter, California. The top performing mandarin varieties included the test varieties of 'Kinnow_LS', 'DaisySL', and 'Shasta Gold' as well as a commercially produced clementine. This work also investigated repeated clustering solutions for the consumer population. It was found that the consumers repeatedly segmented into two clusters, despite a varying population that evaluated different products. In each case, one of the clusters showed avoidance of sour fruit, confirmed through descriptive analysis, metabolomic profiling of citric acid, and through use of a Just-About-Right question.The final study detailed in this dissertation discusses work performed on specialty oranges including blood and Cara Cara varieties through descriptive, chemical, and consumer methods paired with qualitative focus group panels of naive adult consumers. Darker fruit (Moro and Bream Tarocco varieties) were rated high in berry and dried fruit flavors by the descriptive panel which many consumers did not prefer. The Cara Cara oranges were well received by the tasters and the focus group participants. Lighter colored varieties, including Tarocco and Boukhobza, also showed promise. The focus group panels noted that a lack of familiarity with blood oranges but expressed interest in exploring the different varieties.This work was conducted to benefit the citrus industry as a whole. We identified consumer preference habits across a broad range of California-grown citrus fruits including many commercial, experimental, and specialty mandarins and oranges. Consumer preferences were found to be heterogenous with respect to both chemical and sensory stimuli for both adults and children. While consumers are generally pleased with the fresh citrus fruits grown in California, improvements in terms of flavor and production are still possible.
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650 4 $a Marketing. $3 536353
653 $a California
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653 $a Consumer science
653 $a Descriptive analysis
653 $a Sensory science
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856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=13895533