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The Ingestion and Defecation of Viab...

Michaud, Amy.

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The Ingestion and Defecation of Viable Root-Knot Nematode and Cyst Nematode Eggs by Cornu aspersum.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	The Ingestion and Defecation of Viable Root-Knot Nematode and Cyst Nematode Eggs by Cornu aspersum./
Author:	Michaud, Amy.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2019,
Description:	59 p.
Notes:	Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 81-09.
Contained By:	Masters Abstracts International81-09.
Subject:	Parasitology. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=27663284
ISBN:	9781658416450

The Ingestion and Defecation of Viable Root-Knot Nematode and Cyst Nematode Eggs by Cornu aspersum.
Michaud, Amy.

The Ingestion and Defecation of Viable Root-Knot Nematode and Cyst Nematode Eggs by Cornu aspersum. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2019 - 59 p.

Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 81-09.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of California, Davis, 2019.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Dispersal is a fundamental life history phenomenon with potential fitness consequences6 for individuals, influence on community biodiversity, and effects on population and meta-population dynamics. Dispersal is particularly significant with respect to parasite dissemination among hosts, and animals can act as agents of dispersal. Cornu aspersum, the brown garden snail, is common in California, especially in agriculture. As C. aspersum moves and feeds, it encounters and potentially consumes a diverse array of meiofauna. If snails consume plant-parasitic nematode propagules (e.g., eggs or infective juveniles), and the nematodes survive the passage through the gastrointestinal tract, viable nematodes may be moved from their natal location and be deposited within snail feces some distance away. Because plant-parasitic nematodes are small, and have limited capacity to disperse independently, snails may represent a potential dispersal mechanism. In laboratory experiments, C. aspersum consumed gelatinous egg masses of the root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne javanica) and eggs within cysts of the sugarbeet cyst nematode (Heterodera schachtii), and those eggs survived transit through the snail gastrointestinal tract. The M. javanica and H. schachtii eggs recovered from snail feces were viable, and the M. javanica juveniles that hatched from those eggs were infective. Meloidogyne javanica egg masses or H. schachtii cysts containing eggs were placed on top of carrot discs, and C. aspersum was allowed to feed for 5-d on the discs. Snail fecal pellets were collected daily, and eggs and second-stage juveniles (J2s) within and on the surface of the pellets were counted. Egg viability of M. javanica and H. schachtii was assessed by a Baermann funnel hatching bioassay, and infectivity of the freshly-hatched M. javanica J2s was determined using a tomato seedling bioassay. Cornu aspersum readily consumed M. javanica egg masses and H. schachtii cysts. Most M. javanica eggs and H. schachtii cysts were recovered from fecal pellets up to 48-hr after ingestion of egg masses or cysts. Up to 37.1% of the M. javanica eggs estimated to be consumed by the snails were observed in fecal pellets. M. javanica and H. schachtii eggs recovered from fecal pellets hatched over a 3- to 10-d observation period, and hatching did not plateau within that period. The J2s that hatched from M. javanica eggs contained in snail fecal pellets successfully infected and induced galls in 72% of inoculated host plants. Overall, these laboratory data are consistent with the hypothesis that C. aspersum represent a means of plant-parasitic nematode dispersal.

ISBN: 9781658416450Subjects--Topical Terms:

635062
Parasitology.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Cornu aspersum

The Ingestion and Defecation of Viable Root-Knot Nematode and Cyst Nematode Eggs by Cornu aspersum.
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500 $a Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 81-09.
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506 $a This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
520 $a Dispersal is a fundamental life history phenomenon with potential fitness consequences6 for individuals, influence on community biodiversity, and effects on population and meta-population dynamics. Dispersal is particularly significant with respect to parasite dissemination among hosts, and animals can act as agents of dispersal. Cornu aspersum, the brown garden snail, is common in California, especially in agriculture. As C. aspersum moves and feeds, it encounters and potentially consumes a diverse array of meiofauna. If snails consume plant-parasitic nematode propagules (e.g., eggs or infective juveniles), and the nematodes survive the passage through the gastrointestinal tract, viable nematodes may be moved from their natal location and be deposited within snail feces some distance away. Because plant-parasitic nematodes are small, and have limited capacity to disperse independently, snails may represent a potential dispersal mechanism. In laboratory experiments, C. aspersum consumed gelatinous egg masses of the root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne javanica) and eggs within cysts of the sugarbeet cyst nematode (Heterodera schachtii), and those eggs survived transit through the snail gastrointestinal tract. The M. javanica and H. schachtii eggs recovered from snail feces were viable, and the M. javanica juveniles that hatched from those eggs were infective. Meloidogyne javanica egg masses or H. schachtii cysts containing eggs were placed on top of carrot discs, and C. aspersum was allowed to feed for 5-d on the discs. Snail fecal pellets were collected daily, and eggs and second-stage juveniles (J2s) within and on the surface of the pellets were counted. Egg viability of M. javanica and H. schachtii was assessed by a Baermann funnel hatching bioassay, and infectivity of the freshly-hatched M. javanica J2s was determined using a tomato seedling bioassay. Cornu aspersum readily consumed M. javanica egg masses and H. schachtii cysts. Most M. javanica eggs and H. schachtii cysts were recovered from fecal pellets up to 48-hr after ingestion of egg masses or cysts. Up to 37.1% of the M. javanica eggs estimated to be consumed by the snails were observed in fecal pellets. M. javanica and H. schachtii eggs recovered from fecal pellets hatched over a 3- to 10-d observation period, and hatching did not plateau within that period. The J2s that hatched from M. javanica eggs contained in snail fecal pellets successfully infected and induced galls in 72% of inoculated host plants. Overall, these laboratory data are consistent with the hypothesis that C. aspersum represent a means of plant-parasitic nematode dispersal.
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650 4 $a Agriculture. $3 518588
650 4 $a Plant sciences. $3 3173832
653 $a Cornu aspersum
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653 $a Dispersal
653 $a Nematodes
653 $a Plant-parasites
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