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Shifting Roles of the State and the ...

Lukens, David.

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Shifting Roles of the State and the Evolution of Neighborhood Change in Seoul.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Shifting Roles of the State and the Evolution of Neighborhood Change in Seoul./
Author:	Lukens, David.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2019,
Description:	178 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 81-03, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International81-03B.
Subject:	Geography. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=13900338
ISBN:	9781085730976

Shifting Roles of the State and the Evolution of Neighborhood Change in Seoul.
Lukens, David.

Shifting Roles of the State and the Evolution of Neighborhood Change in Seoul. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2019 - 178 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 81-03, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Clark University, 2019.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Over the past three decades, Seoul's urban landscape has been transformed through processes of rapid urban development and redevelopment. Until recently, state intervention, predominantly in the form of the Joint Redevelopment Program (JRP), directed the vast majority of neighborhood change in the South Korean capital. This process significantly improved the quality and quantity of Seoul's housing, but also resulted in the forced eviction and displacement of more than 700,000 residents in the 1980s alone. Today, the unplanned consequences of these programs are resulting in new forms of neighborhood change and residential displacement that challenge existing understandings of gentrification and displacement and the role of the state in these processes. The Korean state's Joint Redevelopment Program (JRP) incentivized housing construction for the upper-middle classes, creating a significant mismatch between housing supply and demand. This has helped to generate an affordability crisis in Seoul's housing market. Seoul's 13.8:1 median price to income ratio (PIR) (KB Housing Price Index) is now higher than London, New York City or San Francisco. At the same time, the conditions that allowed for state intervention (large concentrated areas of disinvestment and centralized planning authority) have diminished, driving a transformation of the role of the state in urban renewal processes. JRP projects have declined to their lowest levels since the program's inception, and the city cancelled its related New Town Program in 2012. Today, neighborhood change in Seoul is increasingly defined by new financialized forms of redevelopment enabled by changes in regulatory regimes and a crisis of affordable housing that continually pushes Seoul further out of the reach of the lower and middle classes. This moment of transition in Seoul's urban development requires a new understanding of how processes of neighborhood change evolve and the role, their impacts on residents, and the role of the state contemporary urban processes. The research uses mixed methods to analyze the drivers of state intervention in urban renewal processes and the consequent social impacts. Quantitative research includes the collection and analysis of spatially referenced statistical data (JRP statistics and maps, housing transaction data, etc.). Qualitative research includes urban planning and policy documents, popular media reports on urban renewal projects. and interviews (with residents, planners, and developers). Together, these sources provide evidence for three central claims. First, the displacement effects produced by neighborhood change are best understood through an analysis of agents of change, regulatory regimes, and social geography and must be analyzed not only for their impact on neighborhood scale transformations, but also for their impact on long-term urban processes. Second, that displacement and inaffordability are increasingly produced through mechanisms outside the essential dynamics of gentrification. Finally, that ongoing processes of neighborhood change in Seoul suggest that state action must be understood beyond monolithic conceptions of service to capital by incorporating theorizations of state legitimacy and the changing dynamics of housing and urban governance.

ISBN: 9781085730976Subjects--Topical Terms:

524010
Geography.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Affordable housing

Shifting Roles of the State and the Evolution of Neighborhood Change in Seoul.
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500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 81-03, Section: B.
500 $a Advisor: Davidson, Mark.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Clark University, 2019.
506 $a This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
520 $a Over the past three decades, Seoul's urban landscape has been transformed through processes of rapid urban development and redevelopment. Until recently, state intervention, predominantly in the form of the Joint Redevelopment Program (JRP), directed the vast majority of neighborhood change in the South Korean capital. This process significantly improved the quality and quantity of Seoul's housing, but also resulted in the forced eviction and displacement of more than 700,000 residents in the 1980s alone. Today, the unplanned consequences of these programs are resulting in new forms of neighborhood change and residential displacement that challenge existing understandings of gentrification and displacement and the role of the state in these processes. The Korean state's Joint Redevelopment Program (JRP) incentivized housing construction for the upper-middle classes, creating a significant mismatch between housing supply and demand. This has helped to generate an affordability crisis in Seoul's housing market. Seoul's 13.8:1 median price to income ratio (PIR) (KB Housing Price Index) is now higher than London, New York City or San Francisco. At the same time, the conditions that allowed for state intervention (large concentrated areas of disinvestment and centralized planning authority) have diminished, driving a transformation of the role of the state in urban renewal processes. JRP projects have declined to their lowest levels since the program's inception, and the city cancelled its related New Town Program in 2012. Today, neighborhood change in Seoul is increasingly defined by new financialized forms of redevelopment enabled by changes in regulatory regimes and a crisis of affordable housing that continually pushes Seoul further out of the reach of the lower and middle classes. This moment of transition in Seoul's urban development requires a new understanding of how processes of neighborhood change evolve and the role, their impacts on residents, and the role of the state contemporary urban processes. The research uses mixed methods to analyze the drivers of state intervention in urban renewal processes and the consequent social impacts. Quantitative research includes the collection and analysis of spatially referenced statistical data (JRP statistics and maps, housing transaction data, etc.). Qualitative research includes urban planning and policy documents, popular media reports on urban renewal projects. and interviews (with residents, planners, and developers). Together, these sources provide evidence for three central claims. First, the displacement effects produced by neighborhood change are best understood through an analysis of agents of change, regulatory regimes, and social geography and must be analyzed not only for their impact on neighborhood scale transformations, but also for their impact on long-term urban processes. Second, that displacement and inaffordability are increasingly produced through mechanisms outside the essential dynamics of gentrification. Finally, that ongoing processes of neighborhood change in Seoul suggest that state action must be understood beyond monolithic conceptions of service to capital by incorporating theorizations of state legitimacy and the changing dynamics of housing and urban governance.
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653 $a Affordable housing
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653 $a Gentrification
653 $a Seoul
653 $a Urban renewal
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