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Analysis of Pharmaceuticals and Horm...

Wombacher, Rebecca.

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Analysis of Pharmaceuticals and Hormones in Urine and Environmental Samples via Liquid and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Analysis of Pharmaceuticals and Hormones in Urine and Environmental Samples via Liquid and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry./
Author:	Wombacher, Rebecca.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2019,
Description:	86 p.
Notes:	Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 80-09.
Contained By:	Masters Abstracts International80-09.
Subject:	Analytical chemistry. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=13427001
ISBN:	9780438945104

Analysis of Pharmaceuticals and Hormones in Urine and Environmental Samples via Liquid and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry.
Wombacher, Rebecca.

Analysis of Pharmaceuticals and Hormones in Urine and Environmental Samples via Liquid and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2019 - 86 p.

Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 80-09.

Thesis (M.A.)--State University of New York at Buffalo, 2019.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Human urine source separation is a viable way to reduce nutrient loading on wastewater treatment plants and in the aquatic environment. By diverting urine into collection bins it can be concentrated and processed as a fertilizer, offering a natural source of nitrogen and phosphorous nutrients that are vital for plant growth. Diverting urine away from wastewater systems will also abate the introduction of micropollutants, such as pharmaceuticals and hormones, into wastewater, which may cause adverse effects on aquatic organisms. The goal of this project is to assess the uptake of pharmaceuticals and hormones by plants fertilized with urine-derived fertilizers. The extraction of pharmaceuticals in concentrated human urine was optimized for LC separation and analysis via tandem mass spectrometry. Acetaminophen, caffeine, ibuprofen, and naproxen were frequently detected in human urine and urine-derived fertilizer products at concentrations ranging from approximately 60-3000 ng/mL. The derivatization of four estrogens was optimized for gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry analysis. Optimal parameters were determined to be 60°C for 30 minutes with a 2:1 derivatizing agent-to-estrogens ratio (v/v). A method for the extraction and detection of estrogens in carrot tissue was developed by varying solvents for solid-liquid extraction prior to solid phase extraction. Ethanol was determined to be the ideal solvent for extraction, providing estrogen recoveries ranging from 21-105%. The risk of using urine as a fertilizer can ultimately be assessed by first better understanding the uptake of the pharmaceuticals and hormones found within the urine-fertilized crops. Future studies are warranted since several pharmaceuticals at appreciable concentrations were frequently detected in urine-derived fertilizers.

ISBN: 9780438945104Subjects--Topical Terms:

3168300
Analytical chemistry.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Chromatography

Analysis of Pharmaceuticals and Hormones in Urine and Environmental Samples via Liquid and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry.
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245 1 0 $a Analysis of Pharmaceuticals and Hormones in Urine and Environmental Samples via Liquid and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry.
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300 $a 86 p.
500 $a Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 80-09.
500 $a Publisher info.: Dissertation/Thesis.
500 $a Advisor: Aga, Diana S.
502 $a Thesis (M.A.)--State University of New York at Buffalo, 2019.
506 $a This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
520 $a Human urine source separation is a viable way to reduce nutrient loading on wastewater treatment plants and in the aquatic environment. By diverting urine into collection bins it can be concentrated and processed as a fertilizer, offering a natural source of nitrogen and phosphorous nutrients that are vital for plant growth. Diverting urine away from wastewater systems will also abate the introduction of micropollutants, such as pharmaceuticals and hormones, into wastewater, which may cause adverse effects on aquatic organisms. The goal of this project is to assess the uptake of pharmaceuticals and hormones by plants fertilized with urine-derived fertilizers. The extraction of pharmaceuticals in concentrated human urine was optimized for LC separation and analysis via tandem mass spectrometry. Acetaminophen, caffeine, ibuprofen, and naproxen were frequently detected in human urine and urine-derived fertilizer products at concentrations ranging from approximately 60-3000 ng/mL. The derivatization of four estrogens was optimized for gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry analysis. Optimal parameters were determined to be 60°C for 30 minutes with a 2:1 derivatizing agent-to-estrogens ratio (v/v). A method for the extraction and detection of estrogens in carrot tissue was developed by varying solvents for solid-liquid extraction prior to solid phase extraction. Ethanol was determined to be the ideal solvent for extraction, providing estrogen recoveries ranging from 21-105%. The risk of using urine as a fertilizer can ultimately be assessed by first better understanding the uptake of the pharmaceuticals and hormones found within the urine-fertilized crops. Future studies are warranted since several pharmaceuticals at appreciable concentrations were frequently detected in urine-derived fertilizers.
590 $a School code: 0656.
650 4 $a Analytical chemistry. $3 3168300
650 4 $a Environmental science. $3 677245
653 $a Chromatography
653 $a Hormones
653 $a Mass spectrometry
653 $a Pharmaceuticals
653 $a Urine
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690 $a 0768
710 2 $a State University of New York at Buffalo. $b Chemistry. $3 1035962
773 0 $t Masters Abstracts International $g 80-09.
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792 $a 2019
793 $a English
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=13427001