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The Impact of Weaning Strategy on Sh...

Ott, Grace Christine.

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The Impact of Weaning Strategy on Short- and Long-Term Calf Performance.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	The Impact of Weaning Strategy on Short- and Long-Term Calf Performance./
Author:	Ott, Grace Christine.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2019,
Description:	112 p.
Notes:	Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 81-10.
Contained By:	Masters Abstracts International81-10.
Subject:	Animal sciences. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=27732077
ISBN:	9781392730386

The Impact of Weaning Strategy on Short- and Long-Term Calf Performance.
Ott, Grace Christine.

The Impact of Weaning Strategy on Short- and Long-Term Calf Performance. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2019 - 112 p.

Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 81-10.

Thesis (M.Sc.)--North Carolina State University, 2019.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Weaning is well-documented as the greatest stress in a calf's life, which can diminishperformance. Various stressors can have long-term impacts on cattle performance, but less isknown about the particular effects of weaning stress on long-term performance, such as heiferreproductive development or steer feedlot and carcass performance. Therefore, the objective ofthe study was to evaluate the effects of different weaning strategies on calf short- and long-termperformance. Two-hundred twenty-nine calves at two locations (Upper Piedmont ResearchStation and Butner Beef Cattle Field Lab: UPRS and BBCFL) were assigned to one of threeweaning treatments: abrupt separation at d0 (ABRUPT, n = 77), fenceline contact for 7d beforecomplete separation (FENCE, n = 79), and abrupt separation at d84 (LATE, n = 73). Duringweaning, calf behavior and activity were recorded by an observer or neck collar monitors,respectively, and monthly calf performance measures of weight, hip height, and body condition(BCS) were taken. Data were analyzed using MIXED procedures of SAS with repeatedmeasures. LATE calves had a heavier overall mean weight (P < 0.001). There was no statisticaltreatment by time effect, but there was a numeric weight advantage for LATE calves at d28 andd56, which could be physiologically important to producers. ABRUPT and FENCE had loweraverage daily gain (ADG) from d0-28 (P ≤ 0.0001), but greater ADG from d28-84 (P = 0.01, P =0.065) and d84-112 than LATE (P ≤ 0.01). For behavior, ABRUPT paced more than FENCEand LATE during the fenceline contact week (P < 0.001), while FENCE bawled more during thistime period (P < 0.01). In the late weaning period, LATE bawled and paced more than the othertreatments (P ≤ 0.05). In general activity measured by accelerometer activity monitors, LATEhad lower activity pre-weaning and greater d0 activity (P ≤ 0.05), while ABRUPT had greater activity on d1 (0.05 < P ≤ 0.10) and d2 (P ≤ 0.05). Heifers (n = 96) subjected to the threeweaning treatments were evaluated for reproductive development. Reproductive tract scores(RTS) and pelvic areas were measured on d56 and every 54±9d thereafter. Estroussynchronization of heifers began on d236±1, then heifers were bred by artificial insemination(AI) on d246±1, and pregnancy checked on d282±4. Data were analyzed using MIXEDprocedures of SAS with repeated measures for all except heifer progesterone and AI conceptionrates analysis. There were no treatment effects for RTS or pelvic areas, but both increased overtime (P < 0.001). There was no statistical difference in heifer progesterone at breeding or firstserviceconception rates for any variable. Steer calves subjected to the three weaning treatmentsfrom BBCFL (n = 67) remained on pasture during the stock phase until feedlot entry. Steerswere blocked by weight and assigned to pens of equal treatment representation. Steers were feda grower diet for 63d and a finisher diet for 47d before shipment for slaughter and carcass datameasurement. A 5.5% shrink was assumed on transport to slaughter. Data were analyzed usingMIXED procedures of SAS with repeated measures also used for steer stocker performance andfeedlot weights. LATE had lower ADG during the stocker phase (P ≤ 0.001) and greater ADGand feed efficiency during the feedlot grower phase (P ≤ 0.05). There were no treatmentdifferences in the feedlot finisher phase or in carcass characteristics. These findings indicateweaning at 9 to 10 months of age can be a viable option for weaning, although other factors mustbe considered. Additionally, there do not appear to be residual effects of weaning method onlong-term calf performance for either heifers or steers.

ISBN: 9781392730386Subjects--Topical Terms:

3174829
Animal sciences.

The Impact of Weaning Strategy on Short- and Long-Term Calf Performance.
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245 1 4 $a The Impact of Weaning Strategy on Short- and Long-Term Calf Performance.
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300 $a 112 p.
500 $a Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 81-10.
500 $a Advisor: Poore, Matt;Poole, Daniel;Harmon, Deidre;Pickworth, Carrie.
502 $a Thesis (M.Sc.)--North Carolina State University, 2019.
506 $a This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
520 $a Weaning is well-documented as the greatest stress in a calf's life, which can diminishperformance. Various stressors can have long-term impacts on cattle performance, but less isknown about the particular effects of weaning stress on long-term performance, such as heiferreproductive development or steer feedlot and carcass performance. Therefore, the objective ofthe study was to evaluate the effects of different weaning strategies on calf short- and long-termperformance. Two-hundred twenty-nine calves at two locations (Upper Piedmont ResearchStation and Butner Beef Cattle Field Lab: UPRS and BBCFL) were assigned to one of threeweaning treatments: abrupt separation at d0 (ABRUPT, n = 77), fenceline contact for 7d beforecomplete separation (FENCE, n = 79), and abrupt separation at d84 (LATE, n = 73). Duringweaning, calf behavior and activity were recorded by an observer or neck collar monitors,respectively, and monthly calf performance measures of weight, hip height, and body condition(BCS) were taken. Data were analyzed using MIXED procedures of SAS with repeatedmeasures. LATE calves had a heavier overall mean weight (P < 0.001). There was no statisticaltreatment by time effect, but there was a numeric weight advantage for LATE calves at d28 andd56, which could be physiologically important to producers. ABRUPT and FENCE had loweraverage daily gain (ADG) from d0-28 (P ≤ 0.0001), but greater ADG from d28-84 (P = 0.01, P =0.065) and d84-112 than LATE (P ≤ 0.01). For behavior, ABRUPT paced more than FENCEand LATE during the fenceline contact week (P < 0.001), while FENCE bawled more during thistime period (P < 0.01). In the late weaning period, LATE bawled and paced more than the othertreatments (P ≤ 0.05). In general activity measured by accelerometer activity monitors, LATEhad lower activity pre-weaning and greater d0 activity (P ≤ 0.05), while ABRUPT had greater activity on d1 (0.05 < P ≤ 0.10) and d2 (P ≤ 0.05). Heifers (n = 96) subjected to the threeweaning treatments were evaluated for reproductive development. Reproductive tract scores(RTS) and pelvic areas were measured on d56 and every 54±9d thereafter. Estroussynchronization of heifers began on d236±1, then heifers were bred by artificial insemination(AI) on d246±1, and pregnancy checked on d282±4. Data were analyzed using MIXEDprocedures of SAS with repeated measures for all except heifer progesterone and AI conceptionrates analysis. There were no treatment effects for RTS or pelvic areas, but both increased overtime (P < 0.001). There was no statistical difference in heifer progesterone at breeding or firstserviceconception rates for any variable. Steer calves subjected to the three weaning treatmentsfrom BBCFL (n = 67) remained on pasture during the stock phase until feedlot entry. Steerswere blocked by weight and assigned to pens of equal treatment representation. Steers were feda grower diet for 63d and a finisher diet for 47d before shipment for slaughter and carcass datameasurement. A 5.5% shrink was assumed on transport to slaughter. Data were analyzed usingMIXED procedures of SAS with repeated measures also used for steer stocker performance andfeedlot weights. LATE had lower ADG during the stocker phase (P ≤ 0.001) and greater ADGand feed efficiency during the feedlot grower phase (P ≤ 0.05). There were no treatmentdifferences in the feedlot finisher phase or in carcass characteristics. These findings indicateweaning at 9 to 10 months of age can be a viable option for weaning, although other factors mustbe considered. Additionally, there do not appear to be residual effects of weaning method onlong-term calf performance for either heifers or steers.
590 $a School code: 0155.
650 4 $a Animal sciences. $3 3174829
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710 2 $a North Carolina State University. $3 1018772
773 0 $t Masters Abstracts International $g 81-10.
790 $a 0155
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792 $a 2019
793 $a English
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=27732077