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On the Role of Western North Pacific...

Gloeckler, Lawrence C., III.

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On the Role of Western North Pacific Tropical Cyclones in Shaping the Extratropical Circulation Response to the Madden-Julian Oscillation.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	On the Role of Western North Pacific Tropical Cyclones in Shaping the Extratropical Circulation Response to the Madden-Julian Oscillation./
Author:	Gloeckler, Lawrence C., III.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2019,
Description:	148 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 80-08, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International80-08B.
Subject:	Atmospheric sciences. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=13425787
ISBN:	9780438837904

On the Role of Western North Pacific Tropical Cyclones in Shaping the Extratropical Circulation Response to the Madden-Julian Oscillation.
Gloeckler, Lawrence C., III.

On the Role of Western North Pacific Tropical Cyclones in Shaping the Extratropical Circulation Response to the Madden-Julian Oscillation. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2019 - 148 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 80-08, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--State University of New York at Albany, 2019.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Relationships between the Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO) and the extratropical circulation have been leveraged extensively to improve subseasonal prediction. However, in certain situations, tropical cyclones (TCs), which often coincide with enhanced MJO activity, can constructively or destructively interfere with MJO organization and common pathways through which the extratropics responds to the MJO. To examine this potential interference, the first portion of this study leverages a statistical experiment to relate West Pacific TC presence in different parts of the basin during a given MJO phase to subsequent remote extratropical circulation outcomes. The results of this experiment demonstrate that significant, high amplitude remote circulation anomalies that align with or differ from those expected to lag a given MJO phase tend to develop in association with TCs that cluster in specific parts of the basin and at specific leads--in some cases, more than two weeks before a pattern emerges. These spatial and temporal clusters vary between MJO phases. In the second portion of this study, composite patterns of anomalous 200-hPa geopotential height associated with a set of non-recurving TCs transiting the South China Sea when MJO convection is located over the Maritime Continent and adjacent West Pacific Ocean are examined relative to their full MJO reference patterns through a 200-hPa zonal momentum budget. Zonal wind is linearly decomposed into components that occur on MJO timescales (i.e., 20-100-day periods), as well as those that occur with lower and higher frequency (background and transient timescales, respectively). Composite results suggest that TCs help to accelerate the East Asian subtropical jet that evolves with the MJO by modulating the transient subtropical circulation over Southeast Asia. The phasing of this circulation with its underlying MJO-timescale (intraseasonal) component enables it to transfer momentum to the emerging subtropical jet. This momentum is integrated into the more slowly evolving flow and carried forward by other processes, which leads to the development of a westerly momentum surge along the subtropical jet that spans the length of the North Pacific Ocean. The final portion of this study examines the interplay between the intraseasonal zonal wind and transient eddy circulations that are linked in part to the aforementioned set of non-recurving TCs. Results show that these eddies contribute to the poleward shift of an anomalously strong subtropical jet by inducing westerly acceleration on its poleward flank and easterly acceleration on its equatorward flank. These accelerations are facilitated by anomalous meridional momentum transport and convergence thereof. Transient eddies encounter anomalous anticyclonic shear imparted by the background zonal wind as they migrate poleward in tandem with the subtropical jet, which causes them to develop more pronounced southwest-northeast-oriented tilts. This change in eddy tilt further enhances the meridional transport and convergence of momentum, which feeds back onto the subtropical jet by increasing westerly acceleration on its poleward flank and shifting it farther poleward. A feedback loop is thus described between the featured discrete timescale circulation components.

ISBN: 9780438837904Subjects--Topical Terms:

3168354
Atmospheric sciences.

On the Role of Western North Pacific Tropical Cyclones in Shaping the Extratropical Circulation Response to the Madden-Julian Oscillation.
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500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 80-08, Section: B.
500 $a Publisher info.: Dissertation/Thesis.
500 $a Advisor: Roundy, Paul E.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--State University of New York at Albany, 2019.
506 $a This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
520 $a Relationships between the Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO) and the extratropical circulation have been leveraged extensively to improve subseasonal prediction. However, in certain situations, tropical cyclones (TCs), which often coincide with enhanced MJO activity, can constructively or destructively interfere with MJO organization and common pathways through which the extratropics responds to the MJO. To examine this potential interference, the first portion of this study leverages a statistical experiment to relate West Pacific TC presence in different parts of the basin during a given MJO phase to subsequent remote extratropical circulation outcomes. The results of this experiment demonstrate that significant, high amplitude remote circulation anomalies that align with or differ from those expected to lag a given MJO phase tend to develop in association with TCs that cluster in specific parts of the basin and at specific leads--in some cases, more than two weeks before a pattern emerges. These spatial and temporal clusters vary between MJO phases. In the second portion of this study, composite patterns of anomalous 200-hPa geopotential height associated with a set of non-recurving TCs transiting the South China Sea when MJO convection is located over the Maritime Continent and adjacent West Pacific Ocean are examined relative to their full MJO reference patterns through a 200-hPa zonal momentum budget. Zonal wind is linearly decomposed into components that occur on MJO timescales (i.e., 20-100-day periods), as well as those that occur with lower and higher frequency (background and transient timescales, respectively). Composite results suggest that TCs help to accelerate the East Asian subtropical jet that evolves with the MJO by modulating the transient subtropical circulation over Southeast Asia. The phasing of this circulation with its underlying MJO-timescale (intraseasonal) component enables it to transfer momentum to the emerging subtropical jet. This momentum is integrated into the more slowly evolving flow and carried forward by other processes, which leads to the development of a westerly momentum surge along the subtropical jet that spans the length of the North Pacific Ocean. The final portion of this study examines the interplay between the intraseasonal zonal wind and transient eddy circulations that are linked in part to the aforementioned set of non-recurving TCs. Results show that these eddies contribute to the poleward shift of an anomalously strong subtropical jet by inducing westerly acceleration on its poleward flank and easterly acceleration on its equatorward flank. These accelerations are facilitated by anomalous meridional momentum transport and convergence thereof. Transient eddies encounter anomalous anticyclonic shear imparted by the background zonal wind as they migrate poleward in tandem with the subtropical jet, which causes them to develop more pronounced southwest-northeast-oriented tilts. This change in eddy tilt further enhances the meridional transport and convergence of momentum, which feeds back onto the subtropical jet by increasing westerly acceleration on its poleward flank and shifting it farther poleward. A feedback loop is thus described between the featured discrete timescale circulation components.
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