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Relationships between Soil Microbial...

Saifuddin, Mustafa.

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Relationships between Soil Microbial Physiology, Community Structure and Carbon and Nitrogen Cycling in Temperate Forest Ecosystems.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Relationships between Soil Microbial Physiology, Community Structure and Carbon and Nitrogen Cycling in Temperate Forest Ecosystems./
作者:	Saifuddin, Mustafa.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2019,
面頁冊數:	160 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 80-10, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International80-10B.
標題:	Ecology. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=13420875
ISBN:	9781392058367

Relationships between Soil Microbial Physiology, Community Structure and Carbon and Nitrogen Cycling in Temperate Forest Ecosystems.
Saifuddin, Mustafa.

Relationships between Soil Microbial Physiology, Community Structure and Carbon and Nitrogen Cycling in Temperate Forest Ecosystems. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2019 - 160 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 80-10, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Boston University, 2019.

This item must not be added to any third party search indexes.

Soil bacteria and fungi play a central role in the biogeochemical cycling of both carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) through terrestrial ecosystems. In the C cycle, soil microbial groups regulate the depolymerization of large stocks of soil organic matter and contribute 35-69 Pg C to the atmosphere annually through heterotrophic respiration. Soil microbial groups also mediate several important transformations of N, including making limiting nutrients available for uptake by plants through N-fixation, converting N between inorganic forms through nitrification, and returning N to the atmosphere through denitrification. While each of these functions is performed by soil microbes, scaling microbial physiology and community structure to biogeochemical cycling remains a significant research challenge. This dissertation integrates three distinct approaches to characterizing relationships between microbial physiology, microbial community structure and biogeochemical cycling. First, I explore the role of microbial physiology in C cycling by developing a novel method to predict bacterial carbon use efficiency (CUE) from genomes using metabolic modeling. I find that bacterial CUE is phylogenetically structured, with the class and order levels explaining the greatest proportion of variance in CUE, and I identify particular bacterial traits that most strongly predict CUE. These findings highlight the importance of accounting for microbial physiology when modeling soil C cycling. Second, I explore how differences in the abundance and activity of microbial functional groups and their interactions with mycorrhizal fungi impact temperate forest N cycling. I find that N availability and rates of N-fixation, nitrification and denitrification are structured in relation to mycorrhizal fungal types, but that the abundances of bacterial functional groups are not correlated with biogeochemical fluxes. Finally, I use a soil biogeochemical model to identify sources of uncertainty and data needs in advancing our understanding of microbially-mediated soil biogeochemical cycling. I isolate specific microbial physiological and enzyme kinetic parameters that have disproportionately large impacts on projections of coupled C and N cycling, and I quantify the potential for particular types of data to help reduce uncertainties. Overall, this dissertation advances our understanding of how microbial processes impact the biogeochemical cycling of C and N in terrestrial ecosystems.

ISBN: 9781392058367Subjects--Topical Terms:

516476
Ecology.

Relationships between Soil Microbial Physiology, Community Structure and Carbon and Nitrogen Cycling in Temperate Forest Ecosystems.
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520 $a Soil bacteria and fungi play a central role in the biogeochemical cycling of both carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) through terrestrial ecosystems. In the C cycle, soil microbial groups regulate the depolymerization of large stocks of soil organic matter and contribute 35-69 Pg C to the atmosphere annually through heterotrophic respiration. Soil microbial groups also mediate several important transformations of N, including making limiting nutrients available for uptake by plants through N-fixation, converting N between inorganic forms through nitrification, and returning N to the atmosphere through denitrification. While each of these functions is performed by soil microbes, scaling microbial physiology and community structure to biogeochemical cycling remains a significant research challenge. This dissertation integrates three distinct approaches to characterizing relationships between microbial physiology, microbial community structure and biogeochemical cycling. First, I explore the role of microbial physiology in C cycling by developing a novel method to predict bacterial carbon use efficiency (CUE) from genomes using metabolic modeling. I find that bacterial CUE is phylogenetically structured, with the class and order levels explaining the greatest proportion of variance in CUE, and I identify particular bacterial traits that most strongly predict CUE. These findings highlight the importance of accounting for microbial physiology when modeling soil C cycling. Second, I explore how differences in the abundance and activity of microbial functional groups and their interactions with mycorrhizal fungi impact temperate forest N cycling. I find that N availability and rates of N-fixation, nitrification and denitrification are structured in relation to mycorrhizal fungal types, but that the abundances of bacterial functional groups are not correlated with biogeochemical fluxes. Finally, I use a soil biogeochemical model to identify sources of uncertainty and data needs in advancing our understanding of microbially-mediated soil biogeochemical cycling. I isolate specific microbial physiological and enzyme kinetic parameters that have disproportionately large impacts on projections of coupled C and N cycling, and I quantify the potential for particular types of data to help reduce uncertainties. Overall, this dissertation advances our understanding of how microbial processes impact the biogeochemical cycling of C and N in terrestrial ecosystems.
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