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Chemical Removal of Nitrogen Oxides ...
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Romer, Paul.
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Chemical Removal of Nitrogen Oxides from the Atmosphere: Impacts on Air Quality and Effects of Temperature.
紀錄類型:
書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:
Chemical Removal of Nitrogen Oxides from the Atmosphere: Impacts on Air Quality and Effects of Temperature./
作者:
Romer, Paul.
出版者:
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2018,
面頁冊數:
116 p.
附註:
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 80-05, Section: B.
Contained By:
Dissertations Abstracts International80-05B.
標題:
Atmospheric Chemistry. -
電子資源:
http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=10929978
ISBN:
9780438643192
Chemical Removal of Nitrogen Oxides from the Atmosphere: Impacts on Air Quality and Effects of Temperature.
Romer, Paul.
Chemical Removal of Nitrogen Oxides from the Atmosphere: Impacts on Air Quality and Effects of Temperature.
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2018 - 116 p.
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 80-05, Section: B.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2018.
This item is not available from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses.
The concentration of nitrogen oxides (NOx NO + NO2) regulates the concentrations of all major atmospheric oxidants and the formation of secondary air pollutants, with consequences for climate, human health, and ecosystems. The chemical cycling between NOx and its oxidation products controls the concentration and transport of NOx and affects the spatial extent of air pollution. Previous studies have shown that permanent loss of NOx occurs both through production of HNO3 and through production of alkyl and multifunctional nitrates (RONO2). Despite their importance to atmospheric chemistry, significant uncertainties remain in the relative importance of these pathways and in the fates of RONO 2 and HNO3 in the atmosphere. I use observations from two intensive field studies, the Southern Oxidant and Aerosol Study (SOAS) in Centreville Alabama and the Korea-United States Air Quality Study (KORUS-AQ) over South Korea, to provide new constraints on the lifetimes and fates of NOx oxidation products. I show that RONO2 compounds produced from isoprene oxidation have a lifetime under three hours and are lost both by gas-phase chemistry to re-release NO x to the atmosphere and by aerosol-phase hydrolysis to form HNO 3. In contrast, observations of HNO3 and NOx over the Yellow Sea between China and South Korea confirm that HNO3 is nearly chemically inert in the troposphere. This finding contradicts recent proposals that HNO3 undergoes photolysis extremely rapidly in the aerosol phase. I apply these findings to investigate how the chemistry of NOx oxidation products affects the lifetime of NOx and the production of O3 in different environments. I show that, in general, the formation of short-lived NOx reservoirs extends the lifetime of NOx by sequestering NOx in less reactive forms. Furthermore, I show that in areas where the formation of RONO2 is the dominant pathway for NOx loss, ozone production efficiency no longer increases with temperature, changing the response of air quality to meteorology. Finally, I show that over the past decade, NOx chemistry has shifted in the United States towards a regime where RONO2 chemistry plays a greater role in the loss of NOx.
ISBN: 9780438643192Subjects--Topical Terms:
1669583
Atmospheric Chemistry.
Chemical Removal of Nitrogen Oxides from the Atmosphere: Impacts on Air Quality and Effects of Temperature.
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The concentration of nitrogen oxides (NOx NO + NO2) regulates the concentrations of all major atmospheric oxidants and the formation of secondary air pollutants, with consequences for climate, human health, and ecosystems. The chemical cycling between NOx and its oxidation products controls the concentration and transport of NOx and affects the spatial extent of air pollution. Previous studies have shown that permanent loss of NOx occurs both through production of HNO3 and through production of alkyl and multifunctional nitrates (RONO2). Despite their importance to atmospheric chemistry, significant uncertainties remain in the relative importance of these pathways and in the fates of RONO 2 and HNO3 in the atmosphere. I use observations from two intensive field studies, the Southern Oxidant and Aerosol Study (SOAS) in Centreville Alabama and the Korea-United States Air Quality Study (KORUS-AQ) over South Korea, to provide new constraints on the lifetimes and fates of NOx oxidation products. I show that RONO2 compounds produced from isoprene oxidation have a lifetime under three hours and are lost both by gas-phase chemistry to re-release NO x to the atmosphere and by aerosol-phase hydrolysis to form HNO 3. In contrast, observations of HNO3 and NOx over the Yellow Sea between China and South Korea confirm that HNO3 is nearly chemically inert in the troposphere. This finding contradicts recent proposals that HNO3 undergoes photolysis extremely rapidly in the aerosol phase. I apply these findings to investigate how the chemistry of NOx oxidation products affects the lifetime of NOx and the production of O3 in different environments. I show that, in general, the formation of short-lived NOx reservoirs extends the lifetime of NOx by sequestering NOx in less reactive forms. Furthermore, I show that in areas where the formation of RONO2 is the dominant pathway for NOx loss, ozone production efficiency no longer increases with temperature, changing the response of air quality to meteorology. Finally, I show that over the past decade, NOx chemistry has shifted in the United States towards a regime where RONO2 chemistry plays a greater role in the loss of NOx.
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