東華大學圖書館 |

Screening, Identification, and Characterization of Drugs of Abuse from Polymeric Substrates via Microfluidics, Chromatography, and Tandem Mass Spectrometry: A Forensic Application.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Screening, Identification, and Characterization of Drugs of Abuse from Polymeric Substrates via Microfluidics, Chromatography, and Tandem Mass Spectrometry: A Forensic Application./
作者:	Lichtenberger, Emily Lynn.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2019,
面頁冊數:	116 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 80-09, Section: A.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International80-09A.
標題:	Polymer chemistry. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=13850605

Screening, Identification, and Characterization of Drugs of Abuse from Polymeric Substrates via Microfluidics, Chromatography, and Tandem Mass Spectrometry: A Forensic Application.
Lichtenberger, Emily Lynn.

Screening, Identification, and Characterization of Drugs of Abuse from Polymeric Substrates via Microfluidics, Chromatography, and Tandem Mass Spectrometry: A Forensic Application. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2019 - 116 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 80-09, Section: A.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--North Carolina State University, 2019.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Illicit substance abuse is a key issue in society, especially with the current opioid crisis observed in the United States. This has prompted scientists to develop analytical methods for illicit compounds using in hopes of improving the accuracy and efficiency of characterization of these compounds. The work presented in this dissertation encompasses a two-fold research objective that focuses on the identification of drugs of abuse (DOAs) and new psychoactive substances (NPS) in forensic applications: 1) combining a microfluidic extraction device (MFD) with analytical techniques such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectrometry (MS), and 2) investigating how different commercial swab materials affect the extraction/retention of DOAs and NPSs. The MFD used in this research allows for fast, automated extraction with limited solvent use and reduced analyst interaction with samples. Combining the MFD with other analytical techniques promotes versatility and robustness of the device. The MFD could benefit forensic analysts by simplifying analysis time and reducing the of amount resources used. Two methods of combining the MFD with a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer were developed and tested using a drug solution containing 62 DOAs and NPSs. The first method involved direct connection of the MFD to the ionization source of the mass spectrometer. This method allowed for approximately 52% of the compounds to be identified. It was determined that all of the compounds were reaching the electrospray ionization source at the same time, resulting in ionization bias. Compounds that are more basic are better suited for ionization because they will attract the protons more efficiently. However, with the extraction and MS analysis time being 3.5 minutes, this is an efficient screening method to provide analysts with preliminary data by simply placing a small sample of evidence directly in the MFD. The second method tested used the MFD as a standalone extraction device and the extraction was collected in a micro HPLC vial which is then placed in the autosampler of the HPLC and analyzed via the HPLC-MS system. All 62 compounds were successfully extracted and identified because they were separated by the HPLC column before reaching the ionization source. Thus, all the compounds achieved ionization with reduced ionization bias. The HPLC mobile phase also contains 0.1% formic acid in the polar phase which adds more charges for positive mode ionization in the source, leading to increased sensitivity for all compounds. In order to extract and analyze the drug solution using the MFD and HPLC-MS, a sample matrix, in this case a polyurethane foam swab, needed to be used to extract from. With the success achieved with the polyurethane swab, it became an interest to test different swab materials to determine the potential effects they have on extraction. Five commercial swabs of different materials and tip types (cotton fibers, rayon fibers, polyester knitted fibers, nylon flocked, and polyurethane foam) were chosen, doped with the drug standard (in methanol), and extracted and analyzed using the second method developed of combining the MFD with the MS and variation was observed. The nylon, rayon, and cotton swabs had success in retaining the majority of the compounds, while the polyester and polyurethane foam swabs released the majority of the compounds during the extraction. The difference in hydrophilicity based on their structures is the key reason for the differences. The DOAs and NPSs investigated contained multiple hydrogen bonding acceptor and donor sites, leading to more interaction with the swab materials that also had a higher number of hydrogen bond acceptor and donor sites, leading to potentially selective materials.Subjects--Topical Terms:

3173488
Polymer chemistry.

Screening, Identification, and Characterization of Drugs of Abuse from Polymeric Substrates via Microfluidics, Chromatography, and Tandem Mass Spectrometry: A Forensic Application.
LDR:05015nmm a2200301 4500 001 2208840
005 20191025102426.5
008 201008s2019 ||||||||||||||||| ||eng d
035 $a (MiAaPQ)AAI13850605
035 $a (MiAaPQ)NCState_Univ18402036295
035 $a AAI13850605
040 $a MiAaPQ $c MiAaPQ
100 1 $a Lichtenberger, Emily Lynn. $3 3435896
245 1 0 $a Screening, Identification, and Characterization of Drugs of Abuse from Polymeric Substrates via Microfluidics, Chromatography, and Tandem Mass Spectrometry: A Forensic Application.
260 1 $a Ann Arbor : $b ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, $c 2019
300 $a 116 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 80-09, Section: A.
500 $a Publisher info.: Dissertation/Thesis.
500 $a Advisor: Bereman, Michael;Ghiladi, Reza;Michielsen, Stephen;Freeman, Harold;Benitez, Nelson Vinueza.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--North Carolina State University, 2019.
506 $a This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
520 $a Illicit substance abuse is a key issue in society, especially with the current opioid crisis observed in the United States. This has prompted scientists to develop analytical methods for illicit compounds using in hopes of improving the accuracy and efficiency of characterization of these compounds. The work presented in this dissertation encompasses a two-fold research objective that focuses on the identification of drugs of abuse (DOAs) and new psychoactive substances (NPS) in forensic applications: 1) combining a microfluidic extraction device (MFD) with analytical techniques such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectrometry (MS), and 2) investigating how different commercial swab materials affect the extraction/retention of DOAs and NPSs. The MFD used in this research allows for fast, automated extraction with limited solvent use and reduced analyst interaction with samples. Combining the MFD with other analytical techniques promotes versatility and robustness of the device. The MFD could benefit forensic analysts by simplifying analysis time and reducing the of amount resources used. Two methods of combining the MFD with a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer were developed and tested using a drug solution containing 62 DOAs and NPSs. The first method involved direct connection of the MFD to the ionization source of the mass spectrometer. This method allowed for approximately 52% of the compounds to be identified. It was determined that all of the compounds were reaching the electrospray ionization source at the same time, resulting in ionization bias. Compounds that are more basic are better suited for ionization because they will attract the protons more efficiently. However, with the extraction and MS analysis time being 3.5 minutes, this is an efficient screening method to provide analysts with preliminary data by simply placing a small sample of evidence directly in the MFD. The second method tested used the MFD as a standalone extraction device and the extraction was collected in a micro HPLC vial which is then placed in the autosampler of the HPLC and analyzed via the HPLC-MS system. All 62 compounds were successfully extracted and identified because they were separated by the HPLC column before reaching the ionization source. Thus, all the compounds achieved ionization with reduced ionization bias. The HPLC mobile phase also contains 0.1% formic acid in the polar phase which adds more charges for positive mode ionization in the source, leading to increased sensitivity for all compounds. In order to extract and analyze the drug solution using the MFD and HPLC-MS, a sample matrix, in this case a polyurethane foam swab, needed to be used to extract from. With the success achieved with the polyurethane swab, it became an interest to test different swab materials to determine the potential effects they have on extraction. Five commercial swabs of different materials and tip types (cotton fibers, rayon fibers, polyester knitted fibers, nylon flocked, and polyurethane foam) were chosen, doped with the drug standard (in methanol), and extracted and analyzed using the second method developed of combining the MFD with the MS and variation was observed. The nylon, rayon, and cotton swabs had success in retaining the majority of the compounds, while the polyester and polyurethane foam swabs released the majority of the compounds during the extraction. The difference in hydrophilicity based on their structures is the key reason for the differences. The DOAs and NPSs investigated contained multiple hydrogen bonding acceptor and donor sites, leading to more interaction with the swab materials that also had a higher number of hydrogen bond acceptor and donor sites, leading to potentially selective materials.
590 $a School code: 0155.
650 4 $a Polymer chemistry. $3 3173488
690 $a 0495
710 2 $a North Carolina State University. $3 1018772
773 0 $t Dissertations Abstracts International $g 80-09A.
790 $a 0155
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2019
793 $a English
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=13850605