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The Influence of a Pacific Invasive ...

Shih, Joy Leilei.

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The Influence of a Pacific Invasive Sponge on Coral Reef Dynamics in Hawaiʻi.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	The Influence of a Pacific Invasive Sponge on Coral Reef Dynamics in Hawaiʻi./
Author:	Shih, Joy Leilei.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2018,
Description:	198 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 80-05, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International80-05B.
Subject:	Chemical Oceanography. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=11008618
ISBN:	9780438615502

The Influence of a Pacific Invasive Sponge on Coral Reef Dynamics in Hawaiʻi.
Shih, Joy Leilei.

The Influence of a Pacific Invasive Sponge on Coral Reef Dynamics in Hawaiʻi. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2018 - 198 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 80-05, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Hawai'i at Manoa, 2018.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Sponges are ecologically important components of many benthic ecosystems and are abundant on coral reefs. Many sponges host a diverse consortium of microbes and are known to rely on their symbiotic microbial communities for a variety of functions including nutrition, metabolic waste removal, and the production of secondary metabolites for chemical defense. Mycale grandis is an alien invasive sponge that first appeared in Hawai'i in the late 1990s and is found within several partially degraded shallow water coral ecosystems throughout the main Hawaiian Islands. In surveys of south Kane'ohe Bay, M. grandis benthic coverage was found to range from 2% on fringing coral reefs to 32% in mangrove ecosystems. I report seawater pumping rates (0.016 L seawater s-1 kg-1 sponge (dry mass)) and ammonia oxidation rates (21.2 nM g-1h -1) for M. grandis, which are the first such rates measured in a Pacific sponge. Combining pumping rates, biomass estimates, and nitrogen flux rates for M. grandis with depth and circulation parameters in south Kane'ohe Bay indicates that it is the most significant benthic source of dissolved inorganic nitrogen to the water column in the environments studied. Individual amino acid δ13C and δ 15N values suggest that M. grandis acquires nutrition from its associated bacteria through direct assimilation of bacterially-synthesized amino acids. Statistically indistinguishable ΣV indices and trophic position of microbial and sponge cells also support this dietary strategy. These results strongly suggest that the M. grandis microbial consortia assimilate DOM, resynthesize the organic material, and pass on nutrition to the sponge in the form of amino acids through translocation. The vulnerability of native and endemic species to invasive reef species coupled with the threats of increased anthropogenic activity, ocean acidification, and ocean warming have growing implications for ecosystems throughout Hawai'i. It is evident that where sponges are abundant members of the reef community, the sponge holobiont can play important roles in organic matter recycling and can significantly alter nutrient profiles within the water column through their rapid rate of seawater circulation and biogeochemically active microbiome.

ISBN: 9780438615502Subjects--Topical Terms:

1674678
Chemical Oceanography.

The Influence of a Pacific Invasive Sponge on Coral Reef Dynamics in Hawaiʻi.
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500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 80-05, Section: B.
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506 $a This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
506 $a This item must not be added to any third party search indexes.
520 $a Sponges are ecologically important components of many benthic ecosystems and are abundant on coral reefs. Many sponges host a diverse consortium of microbes and are known to rely on their symbiotic microbial communities for a variety of functions including nutrition, metabolic waste removal, and the production of secondary metabolites for chemical defense. Mycale grandis is an alien invasive sponge that first appeared in Hawai'i in the late 1990s and is found within several partially degraded shallow water coral ecosystems throughout the main Hawaiian Islands. In surveys of south Kane'ohe Bay, M. grandis benthic coverage was found to range from 2% on fringing coral reefs to 32% in mangrove ecosystems. I report seawater pumping rates (0.016 L seawater s-1 kg-1 sponge (dry mass)) and ammonia oxidation rates (21.2 nM g-1h -1) for M. grandis, which are the first such rates measured in a Pacific sponge. Combining pumping rates, biomass estimates, and nitrogen flux rates for M. grandis with depth and circulation parameters in south Kane'ohe Bay indicates that it is the most significant benthic source of dissolved inorganic nitrogen to the water column in the environments studied. Individual amino acid δ13C and δ 15N values suggest that M. grandis acquires nutrition from its associated bacteria through direct assimilation of bacterially-synthesized amino acids. Statistically indistinguishable ΣV indices and trophic position of microbial and sponge cells also support this dietary strategy. These results strongly suggest that the M. grandis microbial consortia assimilate DOM, resynthesize the organic material, and pass on nutrition to the sponge in the form of amino acids through translocation. The vulnerability of native and endemic species to invasive reef species coupled with the threats of increased anthropogenic activity, ocean acidification, and ocean warming have growing implications for ecosystems throughout Hawai'i. It is evident that where sponges are abundant members of the reef community, the sponge holobiont can play important roles in organic matter recycling and can significantly alter nutrient profiles within the water column through their rapid rate of seawater circulation and biogeochemically active microbiome.
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