東華大學圖書館 |

Language: English

Help

回圖書館首頁

手機版館藏查詢

Back

Switch To: Labeled | MARC Mode | ISBD

Evolution and the emergence of struc...

Lieberman, Erez.

Linked to FindBook

Google Book

Amazon

博客來

Evolution and the emergence of structure.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Evolution and the emergence of structure./
Author:	Lieberman, Erez.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2010,
Description:	231 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 71-07, Section: B, page: 4282.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International71-07B.
Subject:	Mathematics. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3414846
ISBN:	9781124086699

Evolution and the emergence of structure.
Lieberman, Erez.

Evolution and the emergence of structure. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2010 - 231 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 71-07, Section: B, page: 4282.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Harvard University, 2010.

This item is not available from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses.

The purpose of this thesis is to explore the interconnections between evolution and structure. We explore three aspects of this question. (1) We ask how population structure influences the course of an evolutionary process. We introduce evolutionary graph theory, a theoretical approach capable of incorporating complex structures into evolutionary processes. We show that there exist structures, such as 'Super-Stars' that enormously amplify the effects of natural selection; and others, such as stem-cell architectures, that attenuate these effects. (2) We ask whether natural selection can serve as a catalyst for the emergence of structure in language and culture. We demonstrate that the English -ed rule for forming the past tense (jump/jumped) emerged as a result of the death of a large number of exceptions over a millenium. We show that the half-life of these exceptions---called irregular verbs---is proportional to the square root of their frequency, indicating that fitness plays a role in this process. Next, we explore trends in language and culture using a corpus built in collaboration with Google and comprising millions of books. We show that this approach is an extraordinarily powerful method of probing such fields as history, the humanities, and the social sciences. (3) We explore the three dimensional architecture of the genome, which compacts the genetic material---two meters in length---into a 6 micron wide nucleus. We develop Hi-C, a technology that can generate three-dimensional maps of the human genome. We use these maps to make two novel observations: first, that the genome folds up into two compartments, corresponding to active and inactive regions; second, that our data on the megabase scale is consistent with a fractal globule, a dense, organized, and totally unknotted polymer conformation which was first proposed in 1988, but that has never been observed before.

ISBN: 9781124086699Subjects--Topical Terms:

515831
Mathematics.

Evolution and the emergence of structure.
LDR:02842nmm a2200301 4500 001 2204670
005 20190716101638.5
008 201008s2010 ||||||||||||||||| ||eng d
020 $a 9781124086699
035 $a (MiAaPQ)AAI3414846
035 $a AAI3414846
040 $a MiAaPQ $c MiAaPQ
100 1 $a Lieberman, Erez. $3 3431540
245 1 0 $a Evolution and the emergence of structure.
260 1 $a Ann Arbor : $b ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, $c 2010
300 $a 231 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 71-07, Section: B, page: 4282.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Harvard University, 2010.
506 $a This item is not available from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses.
520 $a The purpose of this thesis is to explore the interconnections between evolution and structure. We explore three aspects of this question. (1) We ask how population structure influences the course of an evolutionary process. We introduce evolutionary graph theory, a theoretical approach capable of incorporating complex structures into evolutionary processes. We show that there exist structures, such as 'Super-Stars' that enormously amplify the effects of natural selection; and others, such as stem-cell architectures, that attenuate these effects. (2) We ask whether natural selection can serve as a catalyst for the emergence of structure in language and culture. We demonstrate that the English -ed rule for forming the past tense (jump/jumped) emerged as a result of the death of a large number of exceptions over a millenium. We show that the half-life of these exceptions---called irregular verbs---is proportional to the square root of their frequency, indicating that fitness plays a role in this process. Next, we explore trends in language and culture using a corpus built in collaboration with Google and comprising millions of books. We show that this approach is an extraordinarily powerful method of probing such fields as history, the humanities, and the social sciences. (3) We explore the three dimensional architecture of the genome, which compacts the genetic material---two meters in length---into a 6 micron wide nucleus. We develop Hi-C, a technology that can generate three-dimensional maps of the human genome. We use these maps to make two novel observations: first, that the genome folds up into two compartments, corresponding to active and inactive regions; second, that our data on the megabase scale is consistent with a fractal globule, a dense, organized, and totally unknotted polymer conformation which was first proposed in 1988, but that has never been observed before.
590 $a School code: 0084.
650 4 $a Mathematics. $3 515831
650 4 $a Molecular biology. $3 517296
650 4 $a Theoretical physics. $3 2144760
690 $a 0405
690 $a 0307
690 $a 0753
710 2 $a Harvard University. $3 528741
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 71-07B.
790 $a 0084
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2010
793 $a English
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3414846