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Health Effects of Traveling Abroad: ...

Ruzmyn Vilcassim, Mohamed J.

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Health Effects of Traveling Abroad: Impact on Cardiopulmonary Health Due to Exposure to Varying Air Pollution Levels.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Health Effects of Traveling Abroad: Impact on Cardiopulmonary Health Due to Exposure to Varying Air Pollution Levels./
作者:	Ruzmyn Vilcassim, Mohamed J.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2018,
面頁冊數:	151 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 80-03(E), Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International80-03B(E).
標題:	Environmental health. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=10842687
ISBN:	9780438634763

Health Effects of Traveling Abroad: Impact on Cardiopulmonary Health Due to Exposure to Varying Air Pollution Levels.
Ruzmyn Vilcassim, Mohamed J.

Health Effects of Traveling Abroad: Impact on Cardiopulmonary Health Due to Exposure to Varying Air Pollution Levels. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2018 - 151 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 80-03(E), Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--New York University, 2018.

Large cities in the world are known to have many sources of air pollution and, thus, elevated pollutant levels. Although previous studies have looked at the health effects of rapid changes in air pollution on residents, no studies have looked into the impact on the cardiovascular and respiratory systems when individuals travel abroad.

ISBN: 9780438634763Subjects--Topical Terms:

543032
Environmental health.

Health Effects of Traveling Abroad: Impact on Cardiopulmonary Health Due to Exposure to Varying Air Pollution Levels.
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500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 80-03(E), Section: B.
500 $a Adviser: Terry Gordon.
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520 $a Large cities in the world are known to have many sources of air pollution and, thus, elevated pollutant levels. Although previous studies have looked at the health effects of rapid changes in air pollution on residents, no studies have looked into the impact on the cardiovascular and respiratory systems when individuals travel abroad.
520 $a This study's goal was to examine the impact on the cardiovascular /respiratory system associated with a change in the environment when traveling to a city in another country, with a main focus on changes in the levels of ambient particulate matter (PM) pollution. The study recruited 42 non-smoking, healthy, adult subjects traveling from NYC and NJ to cities abroad in Europe, South Asia, East Asia, and Africa. Subjects were pre-trained to measure lung function, blood pressure, and heart rate/variability in the morning and evening for 1 week before departure, during the stay abroad, and after returning from the city abroad. Subjects also recorded respiratory symptoms they experienced during the study period. Participants also carried an 'Airbeam', a portable low cost PM monitoring instrument, to measure personal indoor exposure levels. These Airbeams were tested and calibrated against a PDR DataRam 1500 monitor and the standard gravimetric filter method using concentrated ambient particles.
520 $a Results from the study demonstrated that, overall, cities in South and East Asia had PM concentrations several times higher than pre-travel NYC or Europe, for both indoor and ambient PM. PM exposure-related changes in lung function were greatest for evening FEV1 as a function of morning PM measurements, where a 10 microg/m3 increase in indoor PM and outdoor fine particulate matter (PM2.5) was associated with a mean decrease of 6 ml and 7 ml, respectively. However, maximum percentage changes of up to --0.5% in evening FEV1 were shown to be associated with a 10 microg/m3 increase in ambient PM2.5. Traveling to a highly polluted city (i.e., a PM concentration over 100 microg/m 3) was associated with a 110 ml reduction in evening FEV1. The travel region was a significant factor in the adverse lung function effect and, compared to NY and Europe, travel to South Asia, East Asia, and Africa resulted in significant reductions in lung function, primarily FEV1 and to a smaller extent, PEF). Interestingly, the degree of lung function change varied significantly between South Asia and East Asia. Overall, subjects who experienced PM-associated lung function reductions in the travel abroad cities showed a recovery to baseline levels upon return to NY. Subjects who traveled abroad to cities more polluted than pre-travel NYC/NJ also experienced a significant increase in respiratory symptoms.
520 $a Traveling abroad to polluted cities also affected the cardiovascular system. PM concentration changes were shown to significantly impact heart rate, elevating evening heart rate by 0.2 beats/min per every 10 microg/m 3 increase in outdoor evening PM2.5. Morning diastolic blood pressure (DBP) increased by 4.3 mm Hg when traveling to a medium polluted city (36--100 microg/m3) compared to a low polluted city. Systolic BP, however, was not significantly affected by PM exposure change. A heart rate variability (HRV) reduction was associated with increasing outdoor evening PM2.5 concentrations, mainly impacting evening SDNN and evening PNN50 values. An increase in mortality risk may be associated with lower HRV in older individuals.
520 $a Overall trends in the adverse effects of PM on the cardiopulmonary system were consistent when results were analyzed using various statistical methods and, therefore, this study supports the hypothesis that travel-related exposure to increased levels of inhaled PM adversely impacts cardiopulmonary health.
590 $a School code: 0146.
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