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The Social Construction of Neighborh...

Baranauskas, Andrew J.

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The Social Construction of Neighborhood Crime by the News Media.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	The Social Construction of Neighborhood Crime by the News Media./
Author:	Baranauskas, Andrew J.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2018,
Description:	246 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 79-09(E), Section: A.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International79-09A(E).
Subject:	Criminology. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=10792742
ISBN:	9780355858228

The Social Construction of Neighborhood Crime by the News Media.
Baranauskas, Andrew J.

The Social Construction of Neighborhood Crime by the News Media. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2018 - 246 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 79-09(E), Section: A.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Northeastern University, 2018.

The reality of crime that the news media present to the general public is not an objective reality of crime, but rather a social construction that is prone to distortion. A wealth of research has investigated the ways in which the news media have constructed crime and other entities related to crime, such as victims and offenders. This research has largely overlooked the ways in which the news media socially construct the reality of violent crime in urban neighborhoods (Paulsen, 2002; Boulahanis & Heltsley, 2004; Petersen, 2014; Baranauskas, forthcoming). This is surprising, as neighborhoods play an important role in criminological research. From the early days of sociological criminology, research has shown that neighborhood socioeconomic class and racial/ethnic composition are important correlates of violent crime (Shaw & McKay, 1942; Wilson, 1987; Massey & Denton, 1993; Peterson & Krivo, 2010; Sampson, 2012). More recent research has shown that the class and race/ethnicity of urban communities are important determinants of how people perceive crime in urban areas (Quillian & Pager, 2001; Quillian & Pager, 2010; Drakulich, 2012).

ISBN: 9780355858228Subjects--Topical Terms:

533274
Criminology.

The Social Construction of Neighborhood Crime by the News Media.
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245 1 4 $a The Social Construction of Neighborhood Crime by the News Media.
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500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 79-09(E), Section: A.
500 $a Adviser: Kevin M. Drakulich.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Northeastern University, 2018.
520 $a The reality of crime that the news media present to the general public is not an objective reality of crime, but rather a social construction that is prone to distortion. A wealth of research has investigated the ways in which the news media have constructed crime and other entities related to crime, such as victims and offenders. This research has largely overlooked the ways in which the news media socially construct the reality of violent crime in urban neighborhoods (Paulsen, 2002; Boulahanis & Heltsley, 2004; Petersen, 2014; Baranauskas, forthcoming). This is surprising, as neighborhoods play an important role in criminological research. From the early days of sociological criminology, research has shown that neighborhood socioeconomic class and racial/ethnic composition are important correlates of violent crime (Shaw & McKay, 1942; Wilson, 1987; Massey & Denton, 1993; Peterson & Krivo, 2010; Sampson, 2012). More recent research has shown that the class and race/ethnicity of urban communities are important determinants of how people perceive crime in urban areas (Quillian & Pager, 2001; Quillian & Pager, 2010; Drakulich, 2012).
520 $a The current study seeks to determine how the news media construct the social reality of violent crime in urban neighborhoods. Expanding upon previous studies (Paulsen, 2002; Boulahanis & Heltsley, 2004; Petersen, 2014; Baranauskas, forthcoming), this study involves a content analysis of all reports of violent crime from 2010 through 2012 in five newspapers in four American cities. The analysis takes a mixed-methods approach. The quantitative analysis seeks to determine if incidents of homicide, robbery, and assault are disproportionately reported in some urban neighborhoods over others compared to official crime measures. This includes an analysis of the neighborhood demographic factors that are associated with incidents of homicide, robbery, and assault being reported by the newspapers and the attention that the newspapers give to these crimes in urban neighborhoods. The qualitative analysis examines the language used to frame neighborhoods, crimes, and crime-related actors in newspaper reports of violent crime and seeks to determine if differences in these framings exist across neighborhoods that differ in socioeconomic disadvantage and racial/ethnic composition.
520 $a Results of negative binomial regression analyses utilizing data pooled from all four cities show that a neighborhood's official crime count is consistently associated with incidents of homicide, robbery, and assault being reported by the newspapers as well as with the total number of articles reporting homicide, robbery, and assault that originate from a given neighborhood. In most models, the association between official crime and crime reporting is the strongest predictor, having more of an effect than any neighborhood-level demographic variables. This indicates that the social construction of neighborhood crime by the news media is largely a reflection of the official reality of neighborhood crime according to police statistics. A comparison of the reporting of neighborhood crime within Boston by The Boston Globe and The Boston Herald revealed slight differences in the demographics of the neighborhoods from which the newspapers report violent crimes.
520 $a Results of the qualitative analysis reveal important differences in the ways newspapers describe neighborhoods, crimes, and crime suspects in reports of violent crime along lines of the socioeconomic and racial/ethnic composition of the neighborhoods in which the crimes occur. Neighborhoods are more likely to be described as crime-ridden and disorderly in disadvantaged and Black neighborhoods than in affluent and non-Black neighborhoods. Crimes in disadvantaged and Black neighborhoods are likely to be described as particularly terrible while crimes in affluent and non-Black neighborhoods are more likely to elicit shock and fear. Suspects who commit crimes in disadvantaged and Black neighborhoods are described as particularly brutal, contributing to an overall negative framing of disadvantaged and Black areas.
520 $a This study reveals that while neighborhood demographic factors do not play more of a role than official crime patterns in the decision to report on violent crimes from a particular neighborhood, they do influence the framing of the crime story. Quantitative patterns in the reporting of neighborhood violent crime indicate a close alignment with official patterns, a finding that runs counter to prior studies on the reporting of crime by the news media which show a distinct media bias in reporting. For violent crime in urban neighborhoods, the media bias lies in the differential framing of neighborhoods, crimes, and people across neighborhoods that differ in socioeconomic standing and racial/ethnic composition. Implications for theory and research are discussed.
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