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Warm Water Entrainment Impacts and E...

Hauer, Whitney Blanchard.

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Warm Water Entrainment Impacts and Environmental Life Cycle Assessment of a Proposed Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion Pilot Plant Offshore Oahu, Hawaii.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Warm Water Entrainment Impacts and Environmental Life Cycle Assessment of a Proposed Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion Pilot Plant Offshore Oahu, Hawaii./
Author:	Hauer, Whitney Blanchard.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2017,
Description:	180 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 79-03(E), Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International79-03B(E).
Subject:	Environmental engineering. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=10602120
ISBN:	9780355305944

Warm Water Entrainment Impacts and Environmental Life Cycle Assessment of a Proposed Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion Pilot Plant Offshore Oahu, Hawaii.
Hauer, Whitney Blanchard.

Warm Water Entrainment Impacts and Environmental Life Cycle Assessment of a Proposed Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion Pilot Plant Offshore Oahu, Hawaii. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2017 - 180 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 79-03(E), Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of New Hampshire, 2017.

Ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) is a marine renewable energy technology that uses the temperature difference of large volumes of cold deep and warm surface seawater in tropical regions to generate electricity. One anticipated environmental impact of OTEC operations is the entrainment and subsequent mortality of ichthyoplankton (fish eggs and larvae) from the withdrawal of cold and warm seawater. The potential ichthyoplankton loss from the warm water intake was estimated for a proposed 10 MW OTEC pilot plant offshore Oahu, HI based on ambient vertical distribution data.

ISBN: 9780355305944Subjects--Topical Terms:

548583
Environmental engineering.

Warm Water Entrainment Impacts and Environmental Life Cycle Assessment of a Proposed Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion Pilot Plant Offshore Oahu, Hawaii.
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245 1 0 $a Warm Water Entrainment Impacts and Environmental Life Cycle Assessment of a Proposed Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion Pilot Plant Offshore Oahu, Hawaii.
260 1 $a Ann Arbor : $b ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, $c 2017
300 $a 180 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 79-03(E), Section: B.
500 $a Adviser: Nancy E. Kinner.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of New Hampshire, 2017.
520 $a Ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) is a marine renewable energy technology that uses the temperature difference of large volumes of cold deep and warm surface seawater in tropical regions to generate electricity. One anticipated environmental impact of OTEC operations is the entrainment and subsequent mortality of ichthyoplankton (fish eggs and larvae) from the withdrawal of cold and warm seawater. The potential ichthyoplankton loss from the warm water intake was estimated for a proposed 10 MW OTEC pilot plant offshore Oahu, HI based on ambient vertical distribution data.
520 $a The estimated losses due to entrainment from the warm water intake were 8.418E+02 larvae/1000 m3, 3.26E+06 larvae/day, and 1.19E+09 larvae/year. The potential entrained larvae/year is 1.86 X greater than at the Kahe Generating Station (Kapolei, HI), a 582 MW oil-fired power plant. Extrapolating to age-1 equivalence (9.2E+02 and 2.9E+02 yellowfin and skipjack tuna, respectively), the estimated yearly losses from warm water entrainment of yellowfin and skipjack tuna fish eggs and larvae represent 0.25--0.26 % and 0.09--0.11 % of Hawaii's commercial yellowfin and skipjack tuna industry in 2011 and 2012.
520 $a An environmental life cycle assessment (LCA) was developed for the proposed OTEC plant operating for 20 and 40 years with availability factors of 0.85, 0.95, and 1.0 to determine the global warming potential (GWP) and cumulative energy demand (CED) impacts. For a 20 year operational OTEC plant, the GWP, CED, energy return on investment (EROI), and energy payback time (EPBT) ranged from 0.047 to 0.055 kg CO2eq/kWh, 0.678 to 0.798 MJ/kWh, 4.51 to 5.31 (unitless), and 3.77 to 4.43 years, respectively. For a 40 year operational OTEC plant, the GWP, CED, EROI, and EBPT ranged from 0.036 to 0.043 kg CO2eq/kWh, 0.527 to 0.620 MJ/kWh, 5.81 to 6.83 (unitless), and 5.85 to 6.89 years, respectively. The GWP impacts are within the range of renewable energy technologies and less than conventional electricity generation, with the exception of nuclear power.
520 $a As part of the LCA, an ichthyoplankton entrainment impact assessment method was developed to estimate potential loss from the warm water intake for the proposed OTEC plant and for six coastal nuclear power facilities that use once-through cooling technology. Larval fish entrainment (#/kWh) was significantly greater (p<0.026) for the proposed OTEC facility, ranging from 10.0 to 11.7 larvae/kWh due to different capacity factors, than for the six nuclear power facilities that ranged from 0.08 to 0.78 larvae/kWh.
520 $a While this research did not investigate OTEC technology development and economics, OTEC would be a favorable option for reducing the GWP and the reliance on fossil fuels for electricity generation in HI. The impact of ichthyoplankton mortality due to warm water entrainment for a 10 MW OTEC plant offshore Oahu, HI would likely be acceptable as there are examples of similar water withdrawals for electricity generation. Biological monitoring of a 10 MW facility would verify estimated environmental impacts of the warm water withdrawal and provide new information on the cold water withdrawal before advancing to a commercial (e.g., 100 MW) scale facility.
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710 2 $a University of New Hampshire. $b Civil Engineering. $3 2094650
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 79-03B(E).
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