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Environmental impacts of oyster aqua...

Duball, Chelsea Elizabeth.

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Environmental impacts of oyster aquaculture on the coastal lagoons of southern Rhode Island.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Environmental impacts of oyster aquaculture on the coastal lagoons of southern Rhode Island./
Author:	Duball, Chelsea Elizabeth.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2017,
Description:	110 p.
Notes:	Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 56-04.
Contained By:	Masters Abstracts International56-04(E).
Subject:	Environmental science. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=10266792
ISBN:	9781369703566

Environmental impacts of oyster aquaculture on the coastal lagoons of southern Rhode Island.
Duball, Chelsea Elizabeth.

Environmental impacts of oyster aquaculture on the coastal lagoons of southern Rhode Island. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2017 - 110 p.

Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 56-04.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Rhode Island, 2017.

Coastal lagoons are shallow estuarine systems which hold significant ecological and economic value to Rhode Island and its coastal communities. As the land around these coastal lagoons has been developed, excess inputs of nitrogen (N) from anthropogenic activity have entered the ecosystems. These inputs have resulted in eutrophication, leading to loss of ecosystem services and poor water quality. Oyster aquaculture has the potential to reduce N inputs via filter-feeding, helping to maintain water quality and ecosystem services.

ISBN: 9781369703566Subjects--Topical Terms:

677245
Environmental science.

Environmental impacts of oyster aquaculture on the coastal lagoons of southern Rhode Island.
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245 1 0 $a Environmental impacts of oyster aquaculture on the coastal lagoons of southern Rhode Island.
260 1 $a Ann Arbor : $b ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, $c 2017
300 $a 110 p.
500 $a Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 56-04.
500 $a Adviser: Mark H. Stolt.
502 $a Thesis (M.S.)--University of Rhode Island, 2017.
520 $a Coastal lagoons are shallow estuarine systems which hold significant ecological and economic value to Rhode Island and its coastal communities. As the land around these coastal lagoons has been developed, excess inputs of nitrogen (N) from anthropogenic activity have entered the ecosystems. These inputs have resulted in eutrophication, leading to loss of ecosystem services and poor water quality. Oyster aquaculture has the potential to reduce N inputs via filter-feeding, helping to maintain water quality and ecosystem services.
520 $a In this study, I monitored water quality within aquaculture and control sites in three coastal lagoons located in southern Rhode Island, to assess the effectiveness of cultured-oysters to maintain water quality. I measured water temperature, pH, salinity, chlorophyll (chl) alpha, dissolved oxygen, total suspended solids, ammonium, nitrate, and soil pore-water sulfides at both aquaculture and control sites. With the exception of chl alpha and soil pore-water sulfides, oyster aquaculture had no significant effects on the water quality parameters. Aquaculture areas had significant lower chl alpha levels, suggesting oysters improve water quality by filtering phytoplankton from the water column. The increase in sulfides in the pore-water suggests that oyster biodeposits also alter the pore-water chemistry in the soil.
520 $a My findings show that oyster aquaculture has a significant impact on both the water column and benthic environments. While oysters help to maintain water quality by controlling phytoplankton levels, this activity increases biodepositional inputs, rich in N and C, to the benthic environment. Our biodeposit application study suggested that the microbial and benthic communities within the upper 2 cm of soil could process high amounts of biodeposits over a short time frame. Our long-term study suggested increased levels of N and C in the soil were not proportional to the age of aquaculture use, however, a majority of aquaculture sites had higher N and C levels between 5-20 cm, compared to the surface soils from 0-5 cm. Additionally, total infauna, deposit feeder, and interface feeder populations (dominated by opportunistic species) increased at aquaculture sites, regardless of age of aquaculture use. Results suggest there are minimal impacts to the soil properties, aside from the presence of hydrogen sulfides and N and C sequestration. While soil properties had no statistically significant effect on infauna, it is apparent that disturbances from aquaculture practices may lower the trophic quality of organisms, favoring high abundances of opportunistic species indicative of disturbance. Other ecological interactions that were not apparent in our analysis could help to explain the shift in trophic community structure; these include successional dynamics of specific species, predator-prey interactions, and sulfide tolerance levels. Together, the effects of biodeposition and aquaculture practices, increase total abundance of infauna, especially burrowing infauna, which could help to increase translocation of N and C deeper in the soil profile and enhance effects of bioturbation to the soil environment. (Abstract shortened by ProQuest.).
590 $a School code: 0186.
650 4 $a Environmental science. $3 677245
650 4 $a Natural resource management. $3 589570
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710 2 $a University of Rhode Island. $b Environmental Sciences. $3 3175862
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