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Forgotten masters: Institutional sla...

Oast, Jennifer Bridges.

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Forgotten masters: Institutional slavery in Virginia, 1680--1860.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Forgotten masters: Institutional slavery in Virginia, 1680--1860./
Author:	Oast, Jennifer Bridges.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2008,
Description:	271 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 69-12, Section: A, page: 4844.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International69-12A.
Subject:	American history. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3340951
ISBN:	9780549961437

Forgotten masters: Institutional slavery in Virginia, 1680--1860.
Oast, Jennifer Bridges.

Forgotten masters: Institutional slavery in Virginia, 1680--1860. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2008 - 271 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 69-12, Section: A, page: 4844.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The College of William and Mary, 2008.

This item is not available from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses.

The traditional image of slavery begins with a long-suffering slave and a master standing by in dignified idleness. However, not all slaves had traditional masters; a few were owned instead by institutions, such as church congregations, schools, and colleges. These slave-owning institutions are all but forgotten in the history of American slavery. Many scholars are unaware that institutions could own slaves at all. Yet slave-owning by educational and religious institutions was pervasive in Virginia in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Virginia cultural institutions were literally built on the backs of slaves.

ISBN: 9780549961437Subjects--Topical Terms:

2122692
American history.

Forgotten masters: Institutional slavery in Virginia, 1680--1860.
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245 1 0 $a Forgotten masters: Institutional slavery in Virginia, 1680--1860.
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300 $a 271 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 69-12, Section: A, page: 4844.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--The College of William and Mary, 2008.
506 $a This item is not available from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses.
520 $a The traditional image of slavery begins with a long-suffering slave and a master standing by in dignified idleness. However, not all slaves had traditional masters; a few were owned instead by institutions, such as church congregations, schools, and colleges. These slave-owning institutions are all but forgotten in the history of American slavery. Many scholars are unaware that institutions could own slaves at all. Yet slave-owning by educational and religious institutions was pervasive in Virginia in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Virginia cultural institutions were literally built on the backs of slaves.
520 $a This dissertation focuses on institutional slavery in Virginia as it was practiced by the Anglican and Presbyterian churches, a handful of free schools, and four universities: the College of William and Mary, Hampden-Sydney College, the University of Virginia, and Hollins College.
520 $a This is an account not just of how the institutions used slavery to further their missions, but also of the slaves who belonged to institutions. While slave owning was common among institutions, only a small percentage of slaves were owned by institutions. Those who were owned by institutions, however, faced unique challenges not common to typical slaves. Many institutional slaves were hired out from year to year to raise money for the church or school which owned them; in this way, they formed a type of living endowment for the institution. This was, unfortunately, a terrible way for the slaves to live, because, from the cradle to the grave, they never had a permanent home. Other slaves worked on site at institutions, particularly at the colleges. These slaves had a different set of problems. In particular, they often suffered from having too many "masters," too many individuals who felt they had a right to their labor.
520 $a Finally, this dissertation examines how institutional slavery both strengthened and weakened slavery in Virginia in the antebellum period. First, institutional slavery made many white Virginians who did not own slaves indirect beneficiaries of slavery. This had the potential to reinforce their commitment to maintaining the slave regime. For example, a family whose church was supported by an endowment of slaves had a tangible financial stake in upholding slavery. However, institutional slavery also undermined the paternalistic rationale for slavery that pro-slavery advocates promulgated in the antebellum period. If slaves were supposedly compensated for their bondage by having a kind and generous master watching over them, where did that leave slaves who were owned by institutions? This hypocrisy was felt keenly by some antebellum Virginians, who sought to rid their institutions of slavery. However, institutional slavery continued in many places in Virginia until the Civil War and emancipation intervened.
590 $a School code: 0261.
650 4 $a American history. $3 2122692
650 4 $a Black history. $3 2122718
650 4 $a History, Church. $3 1020179
650 4 $a Education history. $3 3171959
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