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Understanding Local-Scale Fault Inte...

Kroll, Kayla Ann.

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Understanding Local-Scale Fault Interaction Through Seismological Observation and Numerical Earthquake Simulation.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Understanding Local-Scale Fault Interaction Through Seismological Observation and Numerical Earthquake Simulation./
Author:	Kroll, Kayla Ann.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2016,
Description:	146 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 77-10(E), Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International77-10B(E).
Subject:	Geophysics. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=10109674
ISBN:	9781339729435

Understanding Local-Scale Fault Interaction Through Seismological Observation and Numerical Earthquake Simulation.
Kroll, Kayla Ann.

Understanding Local-Scale Fault Interaction Through Seismological Observation and Numerical Earthquake Simulation. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2016 - 146 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 77-10(E), Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Riverside, 2016.

A number of outstanding questions in earthquake physics revolve around under- standing the relationships among local-scale stress changes, fault interactions (i.e. how stresses are transferred) and earthquake response to stress changes. Here, I employ seismological observations and numerical simulation tools to investigate how stress changes from a mainshock, or by fluid injection, can either aid or hinder further earthquake activity. Chapter 2.2 couples Coulomb stress change models with rate- and state-dependent friction to model the time-dependent evolution of complex aftershock activity following the 2010 El Mayor-Cucapah earthquake. Part III focuses on numerical simulations of earthquake sequences with the multi-cycle earthquake simulator, RSQSim. I use RSQSim in two applications; 1) multi-cycle simulation of processes that controlling earthquake rupture along parallel, but discontinuous, offset faults (Chapter 3), and 2) investigation of relationships between injection of fluids into the subsurface and the characteristics of the resulting induced seismicity (Chapter 4).

ISBN: 9781339729435Subjects--Topical Terms:

535228
Geophysics.

Understanding Local-Scale Fault Interaction Through Seismological Observation and Numerical Earthquake Simulation.
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100 1 $a Kroll, Kayla Ann. $3 3284361
245 1 0 $a Understanding Local-Scale Fault Interaction Through Seismological Observation and Numerical Earthquake Simulation.
260 1 $a Ann Arbor : $b ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, $c 2016
300 $a 146 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 77-10(E), Section: B.
500 $a Adviser: James H. Dieterich.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Riverside, 2016.
520 $a A number of outstanding questions in earthquake physics revolve around under- standing the relationships among local-scale stress changes, fault interactions (i.e. how stresses are transferred) and earthquake response to stress changes. Here, I employ seismological observations and numerical simulation tools to investigate how stress changes from a mainshock, or by fluid injection, can either aid or hinder further earthquake activity. Chapter 2.2 couples Coulomb stress change models with rate- and state-dependent friction to model the time-dependent evolution of complex aftershock activity following the 2010 El Mayor-Cucapah earthquake. Part III focuses on numerical simulations of earthquake sequences with the multi-cycle earthquake simulator, RSQSim. I use RSQSim in two applications; 1) multi-cycle simulation of processes that controlling earthquake rupture along parallel, but discontinuous, offset faults (Chapter 3), and 2) investigation of relationships between injection of fluids into the subsurface and the characteristics of the resulting induced seismicity (Chapter 4).
520 $a Results presented in Chapter 2.2 demonstrate that both increases and decreases in seismicity rate are correlated with regions of positive and negative Coulomb stress change, respectively. We show that the stress shadow effect can be delayed in time when two faulting populations are active within the same region. In Chapter 3, we show that the pre-rupture stress distribution on faults governs the location of rupture re-nucleation on the receiver fault strand. Additionally, through analysis of long-term multi-cycle simulations, we find that ruptures can jump larger offsets more frequently when source and receiver fault ruptures are delayed in time. Results presented in Chapter 4 demonstrate that induced earthquake sequences are sensitive to the constitutive parameters, a and b, of the rate-state formulation. Finally, we find the rate of induced earthquakes decreases for increasing values of hydraulic diffusivity.
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650 4 $a Geophysics. $3 535228
650 4 $a Geology. $3 516570
650 4 $a Mechanics. $3 525881
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710 2 $a University of California, Riverside. $b Geological Sciences. $3 3192594
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 77-10B(E).
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791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2016
793 $a English
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=10109674