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Utilizing classical and molecular ap...

Jiang, Li.

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Utilizing classical and molecular approaches to breed for disease resistant hybrid chile peppers (Capsicum).

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Utilizing classical and molecular approaches to breed for disease resistant hybrid chile peppers (Capsicum)./
作者:	Jiang, Li.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2015,
面頁冊數:	171 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 76-11(E), Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International76-11B(E).
標題:	Plant sciences. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3663693
ISBN:	9781321971866

Utilizing classical and molecular approaches to breed for disease resistant hybrid chile peppers (Capsicum).
Jiang, Li.

Utilizing classical and molecular approaches to breed for disease resistant hybrid chile peppers (Capsicum). - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2015 - 171 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 76-11(E), Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--New Mexico State University, 2015.

Chile peppers are one of the leading vegetables in the United States and worldwide. New Mexico is a major production region for chile peppers in the United States. Phytophthora blight disease caused by Phytophthora capsici, and Verticillium wilt cause by Verticillium dahliae are two economically important soilborne diseases affecting chile pepper production in the southwest. Host resistance to P. capsici is characterized as race-specific, and resistant sources are available in chile pepper. However, resistance inheritance to V. dahliae is not well defined due to the limitation of resistant accessions.

ISBN: 9781321971866Subjects--Topical Terms:

3173832
Plant sciences.

Utilizing classical and molecular approaches to breed for disease resistant hybrid chile peppers (Capsicum).
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245 1 0 $a Utilizing classical and molecular approaches to breed for disease resistant hybrid chile peppers (Capsicum).
260 1 $a Ann Arbor : $b ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, $c 2015
300 $a 171 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 76-11(E), Section: B.
500 $a Adviser: Paul W. Bosland.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--New Mexico State University, 2015.
520 $a Chile peppers are one of the leading vegetables in the United States and worldwide. New Mexico is a major production region for chile peppers in the United States. Phytophthora blight disease caused by Phytophthora capsici, and Verticillium wilt cause by Verticillium dahliae are two economically important soilborne diseases affecting chile pepper production in the southwest. Host resistance to P. capsici is characterized as race-specific, and resistant sources are available in chile pepper. However, resistance inheritance to V. dahliae is not well defined due to the limitation of resistant accessions.
520 $a Using 17 New Mexico recombinant inbred lines (designated NMRILs) developed from a cross of CM334 with Early Jahapeno, as differentials, the race structure in P. capsici populations in New Mexico was updated. A total of 12 new races were identified from 13 P. capsici isolates and designated as race 22 to Race 33 with race 25 (isolate PWB175) virulence of isolate was the highest. Its virulence was higher than Race 1 (PWB24) having the highest virulence. The virulence of race 25 was even higher than race 1 (PWB24), which is widely used as a highly virulent race for resistance testing of chile peppers in the United States. Race 25 may pose a potential risk for chile pepper production in New Mexico. Among the 17 NMRILs tested, 7 of them constituted a set of differentials to distinguish the 12 new races. NMRILs are stable and, hence, invaluable as P. capsici race differentials.
520 $a A "resistance index" was developed for testing each NMRIL. It referred to the fraction of resistant reactions out of the total number of isolates used for challenging a specific NMRIL and represented the interaction of the susceptibilities of the host plants and the virulence of the isolates. The resistance indices of 15 NMRILs to races 1-13 and races 22-33 varied. The NMRIL-R had a low resistance index of 0.17, while NMRILs A, B, F, O, Z, demonstrated medium to high levels of resistance for the tested P. capsici isolates ranging from 0.75 to 0.89. These NMRILs are very good resistant sources for chile pepper breeding for resistance to P. capsici..
520 $a The results from studies in this dissertation further show that multiple races of P. capsici can be found in a single production field. To assist breeding efforts, these results have elucidated the race structure in production fields in New Mexico and can assist in improving host resistance in chile peppers for New Mexico.
520 $a Compared to Phytophthora blight disease resistance, resistance sources to Verticillium wilt are very limited in the chile pepper. Therefore, a molecular approach to finding resistance was undertaken. Using the tomato Ve1 and Ve2 gene sequence information, a contig containing Ve homolog was identified in the chile pepper CM334 WGS database in NCBI. The primary structure of the predicted protein of CpVe was similar to the tomato Ve2 gene. Based on the predicted Ve gene sequence in the CM334 reference genome, the CpVe sequence with a 3423 bp was successfully sequenced from the susceptible line 14C107 and resistant line 14C661 to Verticillium wilt. With the CpVe gene sequences, 9 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 2 haplotypes were detected between 14C107 and 14C661. A homozygous haplotype was identified for the susceptible accession 14C107, whereas the putative resistant haplotype had mixed with the susceptible haplotype in the population of 14C661. A total of 14 commercially available restriction enzymes were selected for the detection of the SNPs on the two haplotypes, demonstrating that development of CpVe gene-targeted SNP or cleaved amplified polymorphic sequences (CAPS) markers are technically feasible. These molecular markers would provide promising tools to investigate Verticillium wilt resistance, and would improve the efficacy of the breeding program in the chile pepper.
520 $a Cytoplasmic male-sterility (CMS) is an efficient and effective method to make F1 hybrids in chile peppers. Because most CMS cytoplasmic sources are identical for chile pepper, breeding disease resistance in CMS lines and isolation of new CMS cytoplasmic sources are essential in CMS hybrid breeding. Flower fertility phenotypes and genotyping by two CMS cytoplasm-specific markers were investigated among three accession groups: (1) Sixteen CMS lines under development at New Mexico State University, (2) Well defined CMS lines, F1, and F2 generations from China, and (3) Diverse germplasm accessions including 25 cultivars and CM334. Over all the three groups, the CMS cytoplasm specific SCAR130 marker was consistently associated with the sterile mitochondrial gene, but contradictory results were observed for the restorer gene (Rf) linked CRF-SCAR marker. It indicated that only one sterile cytoplasm type has been used in chile pepper. Two new lines, 14C905 and 14C906, with a New Mexican pod type were verified as stable CMS A-lines. The CMS breeding line 14C914 in a bell pepper pod type 'CalWonder' was shown to segregate for flower fertility and for the nucleus restorer fertility (Rf) gene locus in a BC3F2 generation. To develop a stable bell pepper CMS A-line from 14C914, a few more cycles of backcrossing followed by selfing in each backcross, to produce sterile segregants for further backcrossing, will be needed. Corresponding to these new CMS A-lines, New Mexico pod type 'Ortega', bell pepper pod type 'CalWonder', and 'Early Jalapeno' were identified as good CMS maintainer lines or maintainer candidates. However, all other tested varieties for development of maintaner lines including the seven lines that had resistance to P. capsici and V. dahlia, failed to maintain male sterility in testcrosses. In addition, CM334 and 'Cajamarca' (C. chinense) were detected to possess a sterile cytoplasm based on the presence of CMS cytoplasm-specific SCAR130 marker.
590 $a School code: 0143.
650 4 $a Plant sciences. $3 3173832
650 4 $a Horticulture. $3 555447
650 4 $a Genetics. $3 530508
690 $a 0479
690 $a 0471
690 $a 0369
710 2 $a New Mexico State University. $3 783784
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 76-11B(E).
790 $a 0143
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2015
793 $a English
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3663693