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Modeling Alveolar Epithelial Cell Be...

Lewis, Katherine Jean Reeder.

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Modeling Alveolar Epithelial Cell Behavior In Spatially Designed Hydrogel Microenvironments.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Modeling Alveolar Epithelial Cell Behavior In Spatially Designed Hydrogel Microenvironments./
Author:	Lewis, Katherine Jean Reeder.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2016,
Description:	248 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 77-10(E), Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International77-10B(E).
Subject:	Biomedical engineering. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=10108779
ISBN:	9781339721149

Modeling Alveolar Epithelial Cell Behavior In Spatially Designed Hydrogel Microenvironments.
Lewis, Katherine Jean Reeder.

Modeling Alveolar Epithelial Cell Behavior In Spatially Designed Hydrogel Microenvironments. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2016 - 248 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 77-10(E), Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Colorado at Boulder, 2016.

The alveolar epithelium consists of two cell phenotypes, elongated alveolar type I cells (AT1) and rounded alveolar type II cells (ATII), and exists in a complex three-dimensional environment as a polarized cell layer attached to a thin basement membrane and enclosing a roughly spherical lumen. Closely surrounding the alveolar cysts are capillary endothelial cells as well as interstitial pulmonary fibroblasts. Many factors are thought to influence alveolar epithelial cell differentiation during lung development and wound repair, including physical and biochemical signals from the extracellular matrix (ECM), and paracrine signals from the surrounding mesenchyme. In particular, disrupted signaling between the alveolar epithelium and local fibroblasts has been implicated in the progression of several pulmonary diseases. However, given the complexity of alveolar tissue architecture and the multitude of signaling pathways involved, designing appropriate experimental platforms for this biological system has been difficult. In order to isolate key factors regulating cellular behavior, the researcher ideally should have control over biophysical properties of the ECM, as well as the ability to organize multiple cell types within the scaffold.

ISBN: 9781339721149Subjects--Topical Terms:

535387
Biomedical engineering.

Modeling Alveolar Epithelial Cell Behavior In Spatially Designed Hydrogel Microenvironments.
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245 1 0 $a Modeling Alveolar Epithelial Cell Behavior In Spatially Designed Hydrogel Microenvironments.
260 1 $a Ann Arbor : $b ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, $c 2016
300 $a 248 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 77-10(E), Section: B.
500 $a Adviser: Kristi S. Anseth.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Colorado at Boulder, 2016.
520 $a The alveolar epithelium consists of two cell phenotypes, elongated alveolar type I cells (AT1) and rounded alveolar type II cells (ATII), and exists in a complex three-dimensional environment as a polarized cell layer attached to a thin basement membrane and enclosing a roughly spherical lumen. Closely surrounding the alveolar cysts are capillary endothelial cells as well as interstitial pulmonary fibroblasts. Many factors are thought to influence alveolar epithelial cell differentiation during lung development and wound repair, including physical and biochemical signals from the extracellular matrix (ECM), and paracrine signals from the surrounding mesenchyme. In particular, disrupted signaling between the alveolar epithelium and local fibroblasts has been implicated in the progression of several pulmonary diseases. However, given the complexity of alveolar tissue architecture and the multitude of signaling pathways involved, designing appropriate experimental platforms for this biological system has been difficult. In order to isolate key factors regulating cellular behavior, the researcher ideally should have control over biophysical properties of the ECM, as well as the ability to organize multiple cell types within the scaffold.
520 $a This thesis aimed to develop a 3D synthetic hydrogel platform to control alveolar epithelial cyst formation, which could then be used to explore how extracellular cues influence cell behavior in a tissue-relevant cellular arrangement. To accomplish this, a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogel network containing enzymatically-degradable crosslinks and bioadhesive pendant peptides was employed as a base material for encapsulating primary alveolar epithelial cells. First, an array of microwells of various cross-sectional shapes was photopatterned into a PEG gel containing photo-labile crosslinks, and primary ATII cells were seeded into the wells to examine the role of geometric confinement on differentiation and multicellular arrangement. Aggregate formation in these microwells motivated us to develop a templating technique to create hollow cyst-like epithelial structures within PEG hydrogels. Photodegradable microspheres were used to form spherical epithelial layers, which were then encapsulated in a PEG hydrogel followed by template erosion with cytocompatible light. With these model alveoli, we investigated the interplay between the epithelium and mesenchyme by co-encapsulating healthy and diseased pulmonary fibroblasts with healthy and diseased epithelial cysts and measuring important cellular behaviors (i.e. proliferation, migration, and protein expression). This model of alveolar tissue represents a significant advance in culture platforms available to researchers interested in identifying the mechanisms involved in disease progression and for testing potential therapeutics in a controlled, tissue-appropriate setting.
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650 4 $a Materials science. $3 543314
650 4 $a Polymer chemistry. $3 3173488
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710 2 $a University of Colorado at Boulder. $b Chemical Engineering. $3 1280033
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 77-10B(E).
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