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Polyol Induced Partitioning of Essen...

Seton Hall University., Chemistry.

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Polyol Induced Partitioning of Essential Oils in Aqueous Organic Solvent Mixtures.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Polyol Induced Partitioning of Essential Oils in Aqueous Organic Solvent Mixtures./
Author:	DelMastro, Thomas.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2016,
Description:	241 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 78-08(E), Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International78-08B(E).
Subject:	Analytical chemistry. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=10249850
ISBN:	9781369473445

Polyol Induced Partitioning of Essential Oils in Aqueous Organic Solvent Mixtures.
DelMastro, Thomas.

Polyol Induced Partitioning of Essential Oils in Aqueous Organic Solvent Mixtures. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2016 - 241 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 78-08(E), Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Seton Hall University, 2016.

Polyol Induced Extraction (PIE) was developed and patented at Seton Hall University by Drs. John R. Sowa Jr., Wyatt R. Murphy, and Mithilesh Deshpande. Through the use of PIE, a solvent mixture containing acetonitrile and water can be separated by employing a polyol mass separating agent, which induces a phase separation. The system is separated into its corresponding aqueous and organic phases, with the organic phase being a highly purified organic liquid. Based on the successful experimental results that were obtained, it was decided to assess the potential of PIE as a sample extraction technique. The goal of this work was to demonstrate that PIE can be applied for the extraction of essential oils which can then be analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS).

ISBN: 9781369473445Subjects--Topical Terms:

3168300
Analytical chemistry.

Polyol Induced Partitioning of Essential Oils in Aqueous Organic Solvent Mixtures.
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245 1 0 $a Polyol Induced Partitioning of Essential Oils in Aqueous Organic Solvent Mixtures.
260 1 $a Ann Arbor : $b ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, $c 2016
300 $a 241 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 78-08(E), Section: B.
500 $a Adviser: Nicholas H. Snow.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Seton Hall University, 2016.
520 $a Polyol Induced Extraction (PIE) was developed and patented at Seton Hall University by Drs. John R. Sowa Jr., Wyatt R. Murphy, and Mithilesh Deshpande. Through the use of PIE, a solvent mixture containing acetonitrile and water can be separated by employing a polyol mass separating agent, which induces a phase separation. The system is separated into its corresponding aqueous and organic phases, with the organic phase being a highly purified organic liquid. Based on the successful experimental results that were obtained, it was decided to assess the potential of PIE as a sample extraction technique. The goal of this work was to demonstrate that PIE can be applied for the extraction of essential oils which can then be analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS).
520 $a Chapter 1 provides background information on essential oils and their importance and significance, as well as basic theory of GC/MS. Essentials oils are generally complex mixtures of compounds extracted from plants with the most abundant compound present said to be the "essence" of the plants fragrance. Many different techniques for the extraction of essentials oil from their corresponding botanicals exist with four major techniques dominating: steam distillation, solvent extraction, cold-pressing, and enfluerage. The applications and uses of essential oils are widespread, with flavors and fragrances and as therapeutic agents being the most common.
520 $a Since essential oils contain volatile organic compounds, they are excellent candidates for analysis using GC/MS. Gas chromatography is an analytical separation technique that separates compounds based on their vapor pressure and intermolecular interactions with the stationary phase. Following separation of the mixture on a column, quantitation and identification of the components is carried out through the use of detectors that are coupled to the column. Quantitation for organic compounds is most commonly assessed using a flame ionization detector (FID) with identification of these compounds being established through the use of a mass selective detector (MSD). Accurate quantitation at or near the limit of detection (LOD) of the MSD is achieved through the use of analytical standards and operating in specialized modes such as full scan and selected ion monitoring (SIM) simultaneously.
520 $a The first application study involves the partitioning of essential oils in acetonitrile and water solvent systems using glycerol as a mass separating agent. The six essential oils that were investigated were subjected to PIE and then analyzed via GC/FID. Method validation was performed which included extraction efficiency, percent recovery, and partition coefficient calculations. The thermodynamic properties of PIE were also addressed, which included Gibbs free energy (DeltaG), enthalpy (DeltaH), and entropy (DeltaG).
520 $a The second application is a comparison study in which PIE was compared to QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe). QuEChERS was discovered to be particularly adept for polar and basic compounds, which is why it is considered the "gold standard" of extraction techniques for the analysis of pesticides from a variety of different matrices. Method validation was carried out in terms of extraction efficiency, limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ).
520 $a The third application concentrates on the organic solvent that is used in the PIE process. The Flavor and Extract Manufactures Association (FEMA) and their Expert Panel make determinations on the toxicology of compounds and there recommended use level that are destined to be used in flavor and fragrance applications. The only GRAS solvents that are fully miscible with water in all concentrations are acetone and Isopropyl Alcohol, so these solvents were investigated for use with PIE. The same six essential oils were subjected to PIE using acetone and isopropyl alcohol as solvents and then analyzed via GC/MS. Method validation was evaluated in terms of extraction efficiency, where percent recovery and partition coefficients were compared. Limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) were also compared. Finally, the compositional profiles of the essential oils and the abundance of the main components in each oil were assessed using GC/MS in order to determine matrix suppression ability for both techniques.
520 $a The last application focuses on the optimization of the PIE process through the use of pH adjustment. Essentials oils are generally made up of compounds that are categorized as phenolic terpenoids or propanoids. These compounds contain a phenol moiety, which acts as a weak acid, so therefore is ionisable at pH values greater than the molecule's pKa. Based on this concept, it was believed that by adjusting the pH of the extraction solvent system, a highly purified essential oil could be obtained. This was taken a step further by applying the idea to highly purified commercial steam-distilled essential oils that were to be sold to consumers. (Abstract shortened by ProQuest.).
590 $a School code: 0199.
650 4 $a Analytical chemistry. $3 3168300
650 4 $a Chemistry. $3 516420
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710 2 $a Seton Hall University. $b Chemistry. $3 3281886
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 78-08B(E).
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791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2016
793 $a English
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=10249850