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Developing methodologies to explore ...

Walton, Lindsay Reine.

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Developing methodologies to explore neurovascular coupling on a micron scale.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Developing methodologies to explore neurovascular coupling on a micron scale./
Author:	Walton, Lindsay Reine.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2016,
Description:	145 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 78-05(E), Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International78-05B(E).
Subject:	Analytical chemistry. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=10195872
ISBN:	9781369465105

Developing methodologies to explore neurovascular coupling on a micron scale.
Walton, Lindsay Reine.

Developing methodologies to explore neurovascular coupling on a micron scale. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2016 - 145 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 78-05(E), Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2016.

During brain activity, local oxygen and glucose is consumed and cerebral blood flow (CBF) increases in a process known as functional hyperemia or neurovascular coupling. Neurotransmission releases molecules that respond through post-synaptic neurons, astrocytes, and cerebral blood vessels to stringently regulate CBF supply according to local demand. If coupling between metabolic supply and demand is not met, energy deficits can lead to toxin accumulation, pathology, and even cell death. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a popular method used to monitor neurovascular regulation and study brain functionality. However, recent studies show that the neurovascular heterogeneity can produce decoupled hyperemia at high spatial resolutions in healthy subjects, making interpreting fMRI data less certain and necessitating a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms behind neurovascular coupling.

ISBN: 9781369465105Subjects--Topical Terms:

3168300
Analytical chemistry.

Developing methodologies to explore neurovascular coupling on a micron scale.
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100 1 $a Walton, Lindsay Reine. $3 3281141
245 1 0 $a Developing methodologies to explore neurovascular coupling on a micron scale.
260 1 $a Ann Arbor : $b ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, $c 2016
300 $a 145 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 78-05(E), Section: B.
500 $a Advisers: R. Mark Wightman; James Jorgenson.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2016.
520 $a During brain activity, local oxygen and glucose is consumed and cerebral blood flow (CBF) increases in a process known as functional hyperemia or neurovascular coupling. Neurotransmission releases molecules that respond through post-synaptic neurons, astrocytes, and cerebral blood vessels to stringently regulate CBF supply according to local demand. If coupling between metabolic supply and demand is not met, energy deficits can lead to toxin accumulation, pathology, and even cell death. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a popular method used to monitor neurovascular regulation and study brain functionality. However, recent studies show that the neurovascular heterogeneity can produce decoupled hyperemia at high spatial resolutions in healthy subjects, making interpreting fMRI data less certain and necessitating a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms behind neurovascular coupling.
520 $a Here, we developed additional tools with which to probe neurovascular coupling at highly localized environments. We adapted an existing CBF measuring technique to a microfabricated format and proved its functionality through mathematical modeling and in vitro verification. Next, we adapted a multimodal sensor to detect oxygen changes and neuronal activity resultant of local, chemically selective glutamate stimulation using iontophoresis. Comparing glutamate iontophoresis to electrically stimulated glutamate release revealed key differences between the local cerebrovascular responses to stimuli of different specificities and intensities. We extended the multimodal sensor to modulate local glutamatergic receptor pharmacology and discovered that glutamate exerts influence on neurovascular coupling differentially between the somatosensory cortex and the nucleus accumbens.
520 $a These tools provide alternative ways to measure multiple physiological metrics related to neurovascular coupling simultaneously. Our multimodal sensors offer chemical and spatial selectivity, and can assess neurovascular changes throughout the brain with minimal invasiveness. Together, our work demonstrates the importance of considering brain heterogeneity at the local level in the interpretation of more broad brain functionality studies.
590 $a School code: 0153.
650 4 $a Analytical chemistry. $3 3168300
650 4 $a Neurosciences. $3 588700
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710 2 $a The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. $b Chemistry. $3 1021872
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 78-05B(E).
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792 $a 2016
793 $a English
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=10195872