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Behavioral and physiological respons...

de Bruijn, Robertus Johannes.

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Behavioral and physiological responses to weather-related stressors.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Behavioral and physiological responses to weather-related stressors./
Author:	de Bruijn, Robertus Johannes.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2014,
Description:	317 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 75-06(E), Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International75-06B(E).
Subject:	Endocrinology. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3612867
ISBN:	9781303747885

Behavioral and physiological responses to weather-related stressors.
de Bruijn, Robertus Johannes.

Behavioral and physiological responses to weather-related stressors. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2014 - 317 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 75-06(E), Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Tufts University, 2014.

Free-living animals continuously face changes in their environment. Some of the most unpredictable environmental changes are related to weather. Weather-related parameters impact both survival and reproduction, and can be used as supplemental cues to time life-history stages. The stress response e.g., activation of the Fight-or-Flight response and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA-) axis, is a potential mechanism linking changes in the environment with the coping strategies of animals. In this dissertation I investigated the role of the stress response in how animals respond to weather-related stimuli. I hypothesized that exposure to weather-related stimuli induces physiological changes, consistent with the stress response, and that repeated exposure of weather-related stressors results in dysregulation of the stress response, as previously found for anthropogenic stressors. I demonstrated that non-molting and molting captive European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) perceive decreased temperature and artificial precipitation as stressful, although the HPA-axis was suppressed in molting starlings. I did not find symptoms of chronic stress in non-molting or molting starlings, even though HPA-axis activation in response to restraint stress appeared attenuated. Additionally, I examined existing vertebrate literature to further investigate the role of glucocorticoids in the response to weather-related stimuli, e.g., food restriction, precipitation, temperature and barometric pressure. I found that short-term exposure, less than 24 hours, is generally associated with increased glucocorticoid concentrations. While the response over longer time periods was still generally associated with increased glucocorticoids, there was more variation in the responses. My findings suggest these stimuli are perceived as acute stressors by most animals. However, the type of stressor and the context in which this stressor is experienced are important in whether or not prolonged exposure is associated with chronic stress. For example, if prolonged exposure to a stressor is a predictable event, associated with the normal life history of an animal, the animal may have evolved to cope with the event without activation of the stress response, which may be important in negating potential negative effects of prolonged activation. Finally, it appears that animals may have adapted to cope better with more ethologically-relevant weather-related stressors, compared to the anthropogenic stressors most often used in stress research.

ISBN: 9781303747885Subjects--Topical Terms:

610914
Endocrinology.

Behavioral and physiological responses to weather-related stressors.
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245 1 0 $a Behavioral and physiological responses to weather-related stressors.
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520 $a Free-living animals continuously face changes in their environment. Some of the most unpredictable environmental changes are related to weather. Weather-related parameters impact both survival and reproduction, and can be used as supplemental cues to time life-history stages. The stress response e.g., activation of the Fight-or-Flight response and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA-) axis, is a potential mechanism linking changes in the environment with the coping strategies of animals. In this dissertation I investigated the role of the stress response in how animals respond to weather-related stimuli. I hypothesized that exposure to weather-related stimuli induces physiological changes, consistent with the stress response, and that repeated exposure of weather-related stressors results in dysregulation of the stress response, as previously found for anthropogenic stressors. I demonstrated that non-molting and molting captive European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) perceive decreased temperature and artificial precipitation as stressful, although the HPA-axis was suppressed in molting starlings. I did not find symptoms of chronic stress in non-molting or molting starlings, even though HPA-axis activation in response to restraint stress appeared attenuated. Additionally, I examined existing vertebrate literature to further investigate the role of glucocorticoids in the response to weather-related stimuli, e.g., food restriction, precipitation, temperature and barometric pressure. I found that short-term exposure, less than 24 hours, is generally associated with increased glucocorticoid concentrations. While the response over longer time periods was still generally associated with increased glucocorticoids, there was more variation in the responses. My findings suggest these stimuli are perceived as acute stressors by most animals. However, the type of stressor and the context in which this stressor is experienced are important in whether or not prolonged exposure is associated with chronic stress. For example, if prolonged exposure to a stressor is a predictable event, associated with the normal life history of an animal, the animal may have evolved to cope with the event without activation of the stress response, which may be important in negating potential negative effects of prolonged activation. Finally, it appears that animals may have adapted to cope better with more ethologically-relevant weather-related stressors, compared to the anthropogenic stressors most often used in stress research.
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