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Computational modeling of the explos...

Beckvermit, Jacqueline.

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Computational modeling of the explosion and detonation of high explosives.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Computational modeling of the explosion and detonation of high explosives./
Author:	Beckvermit, Jacqueline.
Description:	124 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 77-10(E), Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International77-10B(E).
Subject:	Physical chemistry. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=10130705
ISBN:	9781339885315

Computational modeling of the explosion and detonation of high explosives.
Beckvermit, Jacqueline.

Computational modeling of the explosion and detonation of high explosives. - 124 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 77-10(E), Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Utah, 2016.

The detonation of hundreds of explosive devices from either a transportation or storage accident is an extremely dangerous event. Motivation for this work came from a transportation accident where a truck carrying 16,000 kg of seismic boosters overturned, caught fire and detonated. The damage was catastrophic, creating a crater 24 m wide by 10 m deep in the middle of the highway. Our particular interest is understanding the fundamental physical mechanisms by which convective deflagration of cylindrical PBX-9501 devices can transition to a fully-developed detonation in transportation and storage accidents. Predictive computer simulations of large-scale deflagrations and detonations are dependent on the availability of robust reaction models embedded in a computational framework capable of running on massively parallel computer architectures. Our research group has been developing such models in the Uintah Computational Framework, which is capable of scaling up to 512 K cores. The current Deflagration to Detonation Transition (DDT) model merges a combustion model from Ward, Son, and Brewster that captures the effects of pressure and initial temperature on the burn rate, with a criteria model for burning in cracks of damaged explosives from Berghout et al., and a detonation model from Souers describing fully developed detonation. The prior extensive validation against experimental tests was extended to a wide range of temporal and spatial scales. We made changes to the reactant equation of state-enabling predictions of combustions, explosions, and detonations over a range of pressures spanning five orders of magnitude. A resolution dependence was eliminated from the reaction model facilitating large scale simulations to be run at a resolution of 2 mm without loss of fidelity. Adjustments were also made to slow down the flame propagation of conductive and convective deflagration. Large two- and three-dimensional simulations revealed two dominant mechanisms for the initiation of a DDT, inertial confinement and Impact to Detonation Transition. Understanding these mechanisms led to identifying ways to package and store explosive devices that reduced the probability of a detonation. We determined that the arrangement of the explosive cylinders and the number of devices packed in a box greatly affected the propensity to transition to a detonation.

ISBN: 9781339885315Subjects--Topical Terms:

1981412
Physical chemistry.

Computational modeling of the explosion and detonation of high explosives.
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100 1 $a Beckvermit, Jacqueline. $3 3194201
245 1 0 $a Computational modeling of the explosion and detonation of high explosives.
300 $a 124 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 77-10(E), Section: B.
500 $a Adviser: Charles Wight.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Utah, 2016.
520 $a The detonation of hundreds of explosive devices from either a transportation or storage accident is an extremely dangerous event. Motivation for this work came from a transportation accident where a truck carrying 16,000 kg of seismic boosters overturned, caught fire and detonated. The damage was catastrophic, creating a crater 24 m wide by 10 m deep in the middle of the highway. Our particular interest is understanding the fundamental physical mechanisms by which convective deflagration of cylindrical PBX-9501 devices can transition to a fully-developed detonation in transportation and storage accidents. Predictive computer simulations of large-scale deflagrations and detonations are dependent on the availability of robust reaction models embedded in a computational framework capable of running on massively parallel computer architectures. Our research group has been developing such models in the Uintah Computational Framework, which is capable of scaling up to 512 K cores. The current Deflagration to Detonation Transition (DDT) model merges a combustion model from Ward, Son, and Brewster that captures the effects of pressure and initial temperature on the burn rate, with a criteria model for burning in cracks of damaged explosives from Berghout et al., and a detonation model from Souers describing fully developed detonation. The prior extensive validation against experimental tests was extended to a wide range of temporal and spatial scales. We made changes to the reactant equation of state-enabling predictions of combustions, explosions, and detonations over a range of pressures spanning five orders of magnitude. A resolution dependence was eliminated from the reaction model facilitating large scale simulations to be run at a resolution of 2 mm without loss of fidelity. Adjustments were also made to slow down the flame propagation of conductive and convective deflagration. Large two- and three-dimensional simulations revealed two dominant mechanisms for the initiation of a DDT, inertial confinement and Impact to Detonation Transition. Understanding these mechanisms led to identifying ways to package and store explosive devices that reduced the probability of a detonation. We determined that the arrangement of the explosive cylinders and the number of devices packed in a box greatly affected the propensity to transition to a detonation.
590 $a School code: 0240.
650 4 $a Physical chemistry. $3 1981412
690 $a 0494
710 2 $a The University of Utah. $b Chemistry. $3 2103671
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 77-10B(E).
790 $a 0240
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2016
793 $a English
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=10130705