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Spinal Cord Functional Magnetic Reso...

Weber, Kenneth Arnold, II.

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Spinal Cord Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Extracting the Signal from the Noise.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Spinal Cord Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Extracting the Signal from the Noise./
作者:	Weber, Kenneth Arnold, II.
面頁冊數:	136 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 77-08(E), Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International77-08B(E).
標題:	Neurosciences. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=10044009
ISBN:	9781339554624

Spinal Cord Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Extracting the Signal from the Noise.
Weber, Kenneth Arnold, II.

Spinal Cord Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Extracting the Signal from the Noise. - 136 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 77-08(E), Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Northwestern University, 2016.

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) allows for the indirect, non-invasive measurement of neural activity. While fMRI has been primarily used to study neural activity in the brain, a growing number of researchers have begun to expand fMRI to study spinal cord function. fMRI of the spinal cord, however, has lagged behind the development of brain fMRI due to several technical difficulties. The small cross-sectional dimensions of the spinal cord, its deep location within the vertebral column, and magnetic field inhomogeneities at the interface of the vertebrae and the surrounding soft tissues create challenges for conventional fMRI pulse sequences. The cardiac cycle, respiratory cycle, and pulsating cerebrospinal fluid are also significant sources of noise in spinal cord fMRI, which confound signal detection and require methods for removal. Additionally, motion correction and spatial normalization have further imposed unique challenges for spinal cord fMRI. Recent advancements in spinal cord imaging and the analysis of functional spinal cord images are overcoming these technical challenges and increasing the potential of spinal cord fMRI. At this time, however, few spinal cord fMRI studies to date have provided physiologically relevant information, and overall, spinal cord fMRI has not yet been widely accepted by the neuroimaging community. Across a series of three experiments, we tested the validity and reliability of using fMRI to detect cervical spinal cord activity in healthy subjects during somatosensory stimulation and voluntary motor tasks. In the first experiment, we conducted a preliminary study to test the feasibility of using fMRI to detect spinal cord activity during tactile stimulation across multiple dermatomes. Overall, the study proved to be underpowered, and we were unable to convincingly detect spinal cord activity. Despite this, the study allowed us to optimize our imaging and analysis methods, and the findings were then used to properly design the second and third experiments. In the second experiment, we tested the feasibility of using fMRI to detect spinal cord activity during an isometric motor task. The main findings from this study were that the activity was lateralized to the hemicord ipsilateral to the motor task, the lateralization of the activity was reliable across multiple runs, and the spatial extent and magnitude of the activity exceeded that of the control analyses. In the third experiment, we tested the feasibility of using fMRI to detect spinal cord activity during warm and painful thermal stimulation. The main findings from this study were that the activity was localized more to the dorsal hemicord, the spatial extent and magnitude of the activity was greater for the painful stimulus than the warm stimulus, and the spatial extent and magnitude of the activity exceeded that of a control analysis. When the findings from the second and third experiments are taken together, we demonstrated that the activity was anatomically specific, the activation rate exceeded the false positive rate, the activity was proportional to the stimulus intensity, and the activity was reliable. Based on these findings, the activity detected appears to characterize the known neural pathways and the neurophysiology underlying somatosensation and the production of voluntary movements. With further research and refinement, spinal cord fMRI may prove to be a valuable tool for the non-invasive measurement of spinal cord function.

ISBN: 9781339554624Subjects--Topical Terms:

588700
Neurosciences.

Spinal Cord Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Extracting the Signal from the Noise.
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