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Ecological and Social Zones of Impac...

Garske, Lauren Enid.

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Ecological and Social Zones of Impact: Nearshore Water Quality and Scientific Knowledge in Environmental Management.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Ecological and Social Zones of Impact: Nearshore Water Quality and Scientific Knowledge in Environmental Management./
作者:	Garske, Lauren Enid.
面頁冊數:	140 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 75-07(E), Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International75-07B(E).
標題:	Ecology. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3614201
ISBN:	9781303791901

Ecological and Social Zones of Impact: Nearshore Water Quality and Scientific Knowledge in Environmental Management.
Garske, Lauren Enid.

Ecological and Social Zones of Impact: Nearshore Water Quality and Scientific Knowledge in Environmental Management. - 140 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 75-07(E), Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Davis, 2013.

This item is not available from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses.

Management issues concerned with water quality in the marine environment are numerous, ranging from eutrophication to plastic debris, extending from the coastline to high seas. Many of these tend to concentrate in coastal areas, where both humans and economically-valuable ecosystems are susceptible. Nonpoint source pollution is one of the most challenging aspects to address because of its diffuse nature and yet, it likely exerts a greater total impact than any definitive pollution source. In the nearshore environment, efforts to mediate runoff pollution tend to focus on upstream source waters (e.g., stormwater, rivers) or the detection of impacts but often oversimplify the oceanographic processes of this dynamic region. In my dissertation, I introduce a framework that allows for a portable, iterative and interdisciplinary approach to estimate the areas and periods of nearshore environments that are most likely to be affected by runoff from a small river representative of Mediterranean climates. This "zones of impact" (ZOI) approach uses salinity data collected in situ from 2008--2010 in combination with that from remote sensors further offshore to provide a first-order estimate of runoff exposure risk. I find regularity among the spatial patterns at 10 sites but asymmetries with respect to distance from the river mouth and through time. Concurrent with the oceanographic studies, I also deployed passive sampling devices to collect time-integrated samples of dissolved trace metals across several runoff events. In doing so, I was able to develop a second-order estimate for pollutant exposure in the environment for 11 elements. Multiple linear regression models reveal that the concentration of several metals can be fairly well-predicted by mean river discharge rates and peak flow patterns. Future efforts will be able to refine these models with information on nearshore circulation patterns, pollutant behaviors as they transition from freshwater to marine environments, and by observing actual pollutant concentrations within the ecosystem. The ZOI framework neither limits its usability to the specific region of this study nor the metal species used for proof of concept and should be a valuable tool for resource managers. Because the intent of this research was to provide managers with improved methods for understanding nearshore pollution impacts, the idea of impacting management decisions with scientific and technical information prompted an analogous extension of the ZOI framework to the social sciences. Both efforts have to do with flow and impact, whether these are water or information, environment or policy. Across the 14 sites of the National Marine Sanctuaries Program, I used survey methods to investigate the pathways through which a broad range of decision-makers access scientific information and how that affects their valuation of such knowledge in management and policy. I identify five key channels for information access and through multiple mediation models, determine that scientific knowledge accessed through management documents and personal interactions with experts are more influential than academic documents, public information resources or local knowledge networks.

ISBN: 9781303791901Subjects--Topical Terms:

516476
Ecology.

Ecological and Social Zones of Impact: Nearshore Water Quality and Scientific Knowledge in Environmental Management.
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500 $a Adviser: John L. Largier.
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520 $a Management issues concerned with water quality in the marine environment are numerous, ranging from eutrophication to plastic debris, extending from the coastline to high seas. Many of these tend to concentrate in coastal areas, where both humans and economically-valuable ecosystems are susceptible. Nonpoint source pollution is one of the most challenging aspects to address because of its diffuse nature and yet, it likely exerts a greater total impact than any definitive pollution source. In the nearshore environment, efforts to mediate runoff pollution tend to focus on upstream source waters (e.g., stormwater, rivers) or the detection of impacts but often oversimplify the oceanographic processes of this dynamic region. In my dissertation, I introduce a framework that allows for a portable, iterative and interdisciplinary approach to estimate the areas and periods of nearshore environments that are most likely to be affected by runoff from a small river representative of Mediterranean climates. This "zones of impact" (ZOI) approach uses salinity data collected in situ from 2008--2010 in combination with that from remote sensors further offshore to provide a first-order estimate of runoff exposure risk. I find regularity among the spatial patterns at 10 sites but asymmetries with respect to distance from the river mouth and through time. Concurrent with the oceanographic studies, I also deployed passive sampling devices to collect time-integrated samples of dissolved trace metals across several runoff events. In doing so, I was able to develop a second-order estimate for pollutant exposure in the environment for 11 elements. Multiple linear regression models reveal that the concentration of several metals can be fairly well-predicted by mean river discharge rates and peak flow patterns. Future efforts will be able to refine these models with information on nearshore circulation patterns, pollutant behaviors as they transition from freshwater to marine environments, and by observing actual pollutant concentrations within the ecosystem. The ZOI framework neither limits its usability to the specific region of this study nor the metal species used for proof of concept and should be a valuable tool for resource managers. Because the intent of this research was to provide managers with improved methods for understanding nearshore pollution impacts, the idea of impacting management decisions with scientific and technical information prompted an analogous extension of the ZOI framework to the social sciences. Both efforts have to do with flow and impact, whether these are water or information, environment or policy. Across the 14 sites of the National Marine Sanctuaries Program, I used survey methods to investigate the pathways through which a broad range of decision-makers access scientific information and how that affects their valuation of such knowledge in management and policy. I identify five key channels for information access and through multiple mediation models, determine that scientific knowledge accessed through management documents and personal interactions with experts are more influential than academic documents, public information resources or local knowledge networks.
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