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Diffusion, Absorbing States, and Non...

Lavrentovich, Maxim Olegovich.

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Diffusion, Absorbing States, and Nonequilibrium Phase Transitions in Range Expansions and Evolution.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Diffusion, Absorbing States, and Nonequilibrium Phase Transitions in Range Expansions and Evolution./
作者:	Lavrentovich, Maxim Olegovich.
面頁冊數:	256 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 76-03(E), Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International76-03B(E).
標題:	Theoretical physics. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3645015
ISBN:	9781321334906

Diffusion, Absorbing States, and Nonequilibrium Phase Transitions in Range Expansions and Evolution.
Lavrentovich, Maxim Olegovich.

Diffusion, Absorbing States, and Nonequilibrium Phase Transitions in Range Expansions and Evolution. - 256 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 76-03(E), Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Harvard University, 2014.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

The spatial organization of a population plays a key role in its evolutionary dynamics and growth. In this thesis, we study the dynamics of range expansions, in which populations expand into new territory. Focussing on microbes, we first consider how nutrients diffuse and are absorbed in a population, allowing it to grow. These nutrients may be absorbed before reaching the population interior, and this "nutrient shielding'' can confine the growth to a thin region on the population periphery. A thin population front implies a small local effective population size and enhanced number fluctuations (or genetic drift). We then study evolutionary dynamics under these growth conditions. In particular, we calculate the survival probability of mutations with a selective advantage occurring at the population front for two-dimensional expansions (e.g., along the surface of an agar plate), and three-dimensional expansions (e.g., an avascular tumor). We also consider the effects of irreversible, deleterious mutations which can lead to the loss of the advantageous mutation in the population via a "mutational meltdown,'' or non-equilibrium phase transition. We examine the effects of an inflating population frontier on the phase transition. Finally, we discuss how spatial dimension and frontier roughness influence range expansions of mutualistic, cross-feeding variants. We find here universal features of the phase diagram describing the onset of a mutualistic phase in which the variants remain mixed at long times.

ISBN: 9781321334906Subjects--Topical Terms:

2144760
Theoretical physics.

Diffusion, Absorbing States, and Nonequilibrium Phase Transitions in Range Expansions and Evolution.
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245 1 0 $a Diffusion, Absorbing States, and Nonequilibrium Phase Transitions in Range Expansions and Evolution.
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500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 76-03(E), Section: B.
500 $a Adviser: David Nelson.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Harvard University, 2014.
506 $a This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
520 $a The spatial organization of a population plays a key role in its evolutionary dynamics and growth. In this thesis, we study the dynamics of range expansions, in which populations expand into new territory. Focussing on microbes, we first consider how nutrients diffuse and are absorbed in a population, allowing it to grow. These nutrients may be absorbed before reaching the population interior, and this "nutrient shielding'' can confine the growth to a thin region on the population periphery. A thin population front implies a small local effective population size and enhanced number fluctuations (or genetic drift). We then study evolutionary dynamics under these growth conditions. In particular, we calculate the survival probability of mutations with a selective advantage occurring at the population front for two-dimensional expansions (e.g., along the surface of an agar plate), and three-dimensional expansions (e.g., an avascular tumor). We also consider the effects of irreversible, deleterious mutations which can lead to the loss of the advantageous mutation in the population via a "mutational meltdown,'' or non-equilibrium phase transition. We examine the effects of an inflating population frontier on the phase transition. Finally, we discuss how spatial dimension and frontier roughness influence range expansions of mutualistic, cross-feeding variants. We find here universal features of the phase diagram describing the onset of a mutualistic phase in which the variants remain mixed at long times.
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650 4 $a Theoretical physics. $3 2144760
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