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Colonization history and origin of t...

Sari, Eloisa Helena Reis.

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Colonization history and origin of the Galapagos flycatcher (Myiarchus magnirostris) and its parasites.

紀錄類型:	書目-語言資料,印刷品 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Colonization history and origin of the Galapagos flycatcher (Myiarchus magnirostris) and its parasites./
作者:	Sari, Eloisa Helena Reis.
面頁冊數:	152 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 74-01(E), Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International74-01B(E).
標題:	Biology, Evolution and Development. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3525985
ISBN:	9781267596949

Colonization history and origin of the Galapagos flycatcher (Myiarchus magnirostris) and its parasites.
Sari, Eloisa Helena Reis.

Colonization history and origin of the Galapagos flycatcher (Myiarchus magnirostris) and its parasites. - 152 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 74-01(E), Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Missouri - Saint Louis, 2012.

The Galapagos flycatcher (Myiarchus magnirostris) is an endemic species to the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador, and is among the least studied Galapagos terrestrial birds. In this work I unveiled the origin and colonization history of the Galapagos flycatcher, and also the origin of the parasites that are currently found in/on this bird species. To determine the origin of the Galapagos flycatcher, I rebuilt the phylogeny of the Myiarchus genus using cytb and ND2, and applied a Bayesian approach to estimate its colonization time. I discovered that the closest living relative of the Galapagos flycatcher is Myiarchus tyrannulus (Brown-crested flycatcher) from Central and North America, and these two sister groups diverged approximately 850,000 years ago. To better understand the Galapagos flycatcher evolution in the Galapagos Archipelago, I used seven microsatellites and morphological characters to compare populations from seven islands. Correlation between genetic diversity and island size pointed to drift as an important diversification force. In general, morphological distances across islands were not correlated with pairwise genetic distances, and local adaptation through natural selection may possibly have contributed to that, but drift and phenotypic plasticity could not be excluded as explanations.

ISBN: 9781267596949Subjects--Topical Terms:

1675612
Biology, Evolution and Development.

Colonization history and origin of the Galapagos flycatcher (Myiarchus magnirostris) and its parasites.
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245 1 0 $a Colonization history and origin of the Galapagos flycatcher (Myiarchus magnirostris) and its parasites.
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500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 74-01(E), Section: B.
500 $a Adviser: Patricia G. Parker.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Missouri - Saint Louis, 2012.
520 $a The Galapagos flycatcher (Myiarchus magnirostris) is an endemic species to the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador, and is among the least studied Galapagos terrestrial birds. In this work I unveiled the origin and colonization history of the Galapagos flycatcher, and also the origin of the parasites that are currently found in/on this bird species. To determine the origin of the Galapagos flycatcher, I rebuilt the phylogeny of the Myiarchus genus using cytb and ND2, and applied a Bayesian approach to estimate its colonization time. I discovered that the closest living relative of the Galapagos flycatcher is Myiarchus tyrannulus (Brown-crested flycatcher) from Central and North America, and these two sister groups diverged approximately 850,000 years ago. To better understand the Galapagos flycatcher evolution in the Galapagos Archipelago, I used seven microsatellites and morphological characters to compare populations from seven islands. Correlation between genetic diversity and island size pointed to drift as an important diversification force. In general, morphological distances across islands were not correlated with pairwise genetic distances, and local adaptation through natural selection may possibly have contributed to that, but drift and phenotypic plasticity could not be excluded as explanations.
520 $a To investigate the origin of the Galapagos flycatcher parasites I studied blood parasites, lice, and mites from Galapagos flycatchers (n = 254) and from M. tyrannulus (n = 74) in Costa Rica. We found that different parasite species from the Galapagos flycatchers have different origins: five parasite species colonized the Galapagos Islands with the Galapagos flycatchers' ancestors (two louse species and three mite species), and two parasite species were acquired from the native bird community after the Galapagos flycatchers ancestors arrived to Galapagos (Haemoproteus blood parasite and Brueelia louse). To investigate why some parasites found on M. tyrannulus (Plasmodium blood parasite and Philopterus louse) did not colonize Galapagos, I looked at immune responses of M. tyrannulus from Costa Rica to their parasites. I found no evidence that these parasites are affecting the health of M. tyrannulus more negatively than the other parasites and in a manner that would hinder their ability to colonize Galapagos.
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