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Membrane stress resistance mechanism...

Kingston, Anthony Walter.

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Membrane stress resistance mechanisms in Bacillus subtilis .

Record Type:	Language materials, printed : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Membrane stress resistance mechanisms in Bacillus subtilis ./
Author:	Kingston, Anthony Walter.
Description:	200 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 75-06(E), Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International75-06B(E).
Subject:	Biology, Microbiology. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3579100
ISBN:	9781303749063

Membrane stress resistance mechanisms in Bacillus subtilis .
Kingston, Anthony Walter.

Membrane stress resistance mechanisms in Bacillus subtilis . - 200 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 75-06(E), Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Cornell University, 2014.

Bacteria exist in environments that can inflict a variety of stresses upon the cell, many of which target the cell membrane. As a result, bacterial survival often depends upon the ability of cells to adjust the cell membrane in response to environmental stress. This process is controlled by the cell envelope stress response (CESR), the signal transducing regulatory systems that allow cells to sense and respond to conditions that perturb the cell wall or membrane. In Bacillus subtilis, a major component of CESR is controlled by extracytoplasmic function sigma (ECF sigma) factors. Numerous studies have associated ECF sigma factors with membrane stress adaptations, but the specific details concerning the effects of particular sigma factors on membrane composition and the underlying mechanisms involved are largely unknown. Here, we investigate these details using B. subtilis as a model system. The majority of this work consists of two main projects. In one project, I characterized a novel homeoviscous adaptation in which an ECF sigma promoter modifies fatty acid composition by regulating the membrane biosynthesis genes fabHa and fabF. The altered expression of these genes leads to a greater proportion of straight chain fatty acids in the membrane and an increase in average fatty acid chain length. Such changes in the lipid profile of B. subtilis reduce membrane fluidity thereby conferring resistance against detergents and antimicrobial compounds produced by competing Bacillus strains. The second project focuses on ECF sigma factor-mediated lantibiotic resistance mechanisms in B. subtilis. I've identified six distinct lantibiotic resistance loci activated by ECF sigma factors. These loci include genes encoding phage shock proteins, tellurite resistance related proteins, signal peptide peptidase, and proteins that synthesize and modify teichoic acids. My work has made substantial progress on defining the resistance mechanisms associated with these genes.

ISBN: 9781303749063Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017734
Biology, Microbiology.

Membrane stress resistance mechanisms in Bacillus subtilis .
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020 $a 9781303749063
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100 1 $a Kingston, Anthony Walter. $3 2096788
245 1 0 $a Membrane stress resistance mechanisms in Bacillus subtilis .
300 $a 200 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 75-06(E), Section: B.
500 $a Adviser: John Helman.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Cornell University, 2014.
520 $a Bacteria exist in environments that can inflict a variety of stresses upon the cell, many of which target the cell membrane. As a result, bacterial survival often depends upon the ability of cells to adjust the cell membrane in response to environmental stress. This process is controlled by the cell envelope stress response (CESR), the signal transducing regulatory systems that allow cells to sense and respond to conditions that perturb the cell wall or membrane. In Bacillus subtilis, a major component of CESR is controlled by extracytoplasmic function sigma (ECF sigma) factors. Numerous studies have associated ECF sigma factors with membrane stress adaptations, but the specific details concerning the effects of particular sigma factors on membrane composition and the underlying mechanisms involved are largely unknown. Here, we investigate these details using B. subtilis as a model system. The majority of this work consists of two main projects. In one project, I characterized a novel homeoviscous adaptation in which an ECF sigma promoter modifies fatty acid composition by regulating the membrane biosynthesis genes fabHa and fabF. The altered expression of these genes leads to a greater proportion of straight chain fatty acids in the membrane and an increase in average fatty acid chain length. Such changes in the lipid profile of B. subtilis reduce membrane fluidity thereby conferring resistance against detergents and antimicrobial compounds produced by competing Bacillus strains. The second project focuses on ECF sigma factor-mediated lantibiotic resistance mechanisms in B. subtilis. I've identified six distinct lantibiotic resistance loci activated by ECF sigma factors. These loci include genes encoding phage shock proteins, tellurite resistance related proteins, signal peptide peptidase, and proteins that synthesize and modify teichoic acids. My work has made substantial progress on defining the resistance mechanisms associated with these genes.
590 $a School code: 0058.
650 4 $a Biology, Microbiology. $3 1017734
650 4 $a Chemistry, Biochemistry. $3 1017722
650 4 $a Biology, Molecular. $3 1017719
690 $a 0410
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710 2 $a Cornell University. $b Biochemistry, Molecular and Cellular Biology. $3 2096789
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 75-06B(E).
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791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2014
793 $a English
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3579100