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Organization and diffusion in biolog...

Mangan, Niall Mari.

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Organization and diffusion in biological and material fabrication problems.

Record Type:	Language materials, printed : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Organization and diffusion in biological and material fabrication problems./
Author:	Mangan, Niall Mari.
Description:	107 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 75-02(E), Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International75-02B(E).
Subject:	Biology, Systematic. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3600209
ISBN:	9781303502668

Organization and diffusion in biological and material fabrication problems.
Mangan, Niall Mari.

Organization and diffusion in biological and material fabrication problems. - 107 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 75-02(E), Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Harvard University, 2013.

This thesis is composed of two problems. The first is a systems level analysis of the carbon concentrating mechanism in cyanobacteria. The second presents a theoretical analysis of femtosecond laser melting for the purpose of hyperdoping silicon with sulfur. While these systems are very distant, they are both relevant to the development of alternative energy (production of biofuels and methods for fabricating photovoltaics respectively). Both problems are approached through analysis of the underlying diffusion equations.

ISBN: 9781303502668Subjects--Topical Terms:

1676856
Biology, Systematic.

Organization and diffusion in biological and material fabrication problems.
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020 $a 9781303502668
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100 1 $a Mangan, Niall Mari. $3 2096527
245 1 0 $a Organization and diffusion in biological and material fabrication problems.
300 $a 107 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 75-02(E), Section: B.
500 $a Adviser: Michael P. Brenner.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Harvard University, 2013.
520 $a This thesis is composed of two problems. The first is a systems level analysis of the carbon concentrating mechanism in cyanobacteria. The second presents a theoretical analysis of femtosecond laser melting for the purpose of hyperdoping silicon with sulfur. While these systems are very distant, they are both relevant to the development of alternative energy (production of biofuels and methods for fabricating photovoltaics respectively). Both problems are approached through analysis of the underlying diffusion equations.
520 $a Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic bacteria with a unique carbon concentrating mechanism (CCM) which enhances carbon fixation. A greater understanding of this mechanism would offer new insights into the basic biology and methods for bioengineering more efficient biochemical reactions. The molecular components of the CCM have been well characterized in the last decade, with genetic analysis uncovering both variation and commonalities in CCMs across cyanobacteria strains. Analysis of CCMs on a systems level, however, is based on models formulated prior to the molecular characterization. We present an updated model of the cyanobacteria CCM, and analytic solutions in terms of the various molecular components. The solutions allow us to find the parameter regime (expression levels, catalytic rates, permeability of carboxysome shell) where carbon fixation is maximized and oxygenation is minimized. Saturation of RuBisCO, maximization of the ratio of CO2 to O2, and staying below or at the saturation level for carbonic anhydrase are all needed for maximum efficacy. These constraints limit the parameter regime where the most effective carbon fixation can occur. There is an optimal non-specific carboxysome shell permeability, where trapping of CO2 is maximized, but HCO3 - is not detrimentally restricted. The shell also shields carbonic anhydrase activity and CO2 → HCO3- conversion at the thylakoid and cell membrane from one another. Co-localization of carbonic anhydrase and RuBisCO in a smaller volume raises the concentration of carbon dioxide around RuBisCO by switching from a regime where the carbonic anhydrase is saturated to non-saturated.
520 $a Hyper-doping with femto-second lasers offers a versatile method for creating new materials including semi-conductor materials doped at beyond the equilibrium solubility limit. Silicon hyper-doped with sulfur has been shown to absorb highly in the infra-red region. Hyper-doped silicon already is already used in night-vision infra-red sensors and is being explored for other applications such as photovoltaics. Being able to finely tune the dopant profile in the material will allow us to achieve more efficient and effective devices. To better control the doping profile, we develop a model which correctly represents the physics of melting of Si and diffusion of dopant into the material. The thermal and solute diffusion model produces melt dynamics and dopant profiles consistent with experimental data. We present the results of numerical simulations. We identify two distinct mechanisms which account for the characteristic dopant profiles in experiments. A change in laser absorption such that the melt depth increases or a change in the mechanism of dopant integration from an "instant surface dose" to a surface flux can both account for changes in dopant profile with subsequent laser pulses.
590 $a School code: 0084.
650 4 $a Biology, Systematic. $3 1676856
650 4 $a Applied Mathematics. $3 1669109
650 4 $a Energy. $3 876794
690 $a 0423
690 $a 0364
690 $a 0791
710 2 $a Harvard University. $b Systems Biology. $3 2096528
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 75-02B(E).
790 $a 0084
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2013
793 $a English
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3600209