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Pregnancy loss in rats caused by bro...

Bielmeier, Susan Ruth.

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Pregnancy loss in rats caused by bromodichloromethane: A drinking water disinfection by-product.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Pregnancy loss in rats caused by bromodichloromethane: A drinking water disinfection by-product./
Author:	Bielmeier, Susan Ruth.
Description:	159 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 64-03, Section: B, page: 1218.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International64-03B.
Subject:	Health Sciences, Toxicology. -
Online resource:	http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/3086496
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3086496

Pregnancy loss in rats caused by bromodichloromethane: A drinking water disinfection by-product.
Bielmeier, Susan Ruth.

Pregnancy loss in rats caused by bromodichloromethane: A drinking water disinfection by-product. - 159 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 64-03, Section: B, page: 1218.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2003.

Disinfection by-products are the unintended result of the chlorination of drinking water to protect the public from waterborne diseases. Their ubiquitous presence in drinking water has become a public health concern regarding adverse reproductive health effects, including miscarriage. The goal of this research is to elucidate the mode of action of BDCM-induced pregnancy loss in a rat model. We aimed to characterize the critical periods of sensitivity and serum hormone profiles, to evaluate the ability of exogenous hormones to prevent pregnancy loss, and to evaluate critical tissues. Additionally, different sensitivities of rat strains were investigated.Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017752
Health Sciences, Toxicology.

Pregnancy loss in rats caused by bromodichloromethane: A drinking water disinfection by-product.
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035 $a (UnM)AAI3086496
035 $a AAI3086496
040 $a UnM $c UnM
100 1 $a Bielmeier, Susan Ruth. $3 1953803
245 1 0 $a Pregnancy loss in rats caused by bromodichloromethane: A drinking water disinfection by-product.
300 $a 159 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 64-03, Section: B, page: 1218.
500 $a Directors: Louise M. Ball; Michael G. Narotsky.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2003.
520 $a Disinfection by-products are the unintended result of the chlorination of drinking water to protect the public from waterborne diseases. Their ubiquitous presence in drinking water has become a public health concern regarding adverse reproductive health effects, including miscarriage. The goal of this research is to elucidate the mode of action of BDCM-induced pregnancy loss in a rat model. We aimed to characterize the critical periods of sensitivity and serum hormone profiles, to evaluate the ability of exogenous hormones to prevent pregnancy loss, and to evaluate critical tissues. Additionally, different sensitivities of rat strains were investigated.
520 $a The critical period of exposure encompassed the luteinizing hormone (LH)-dependent period of pregnancy. BDCM-induced pregnancy loss was associated with marked reductions in serum progesterone and corresponding decreases in LH on GD10. Both progesterone and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) when administered in conjunction with BDCM prevented pregnancy loss, suggesting a pituitary-mediated mechanism. A high dose of BDCM causes pronounced effects on pulsatility of LH levels in the ovariectomized rat indicating affects on the GnRH pulse generator. In the assessment of luteal responsiveness within the ovary, there were radically different results between the ex vivo and in vitro studies. Whereas ex vivo responsiveness was unaffected, in vitro responsiveness was attenuated in a dose-related fashion. Thus, there is less circulating LH available to the CL and their ability to respond to it is compromised by BDCM. These combined data suggests that BDCM is acting via two modes of action to disrupt pregnancy in F344 rats: one, at the level of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis to secrete LH, and two, on the CL to hinder their ability to respond to serum LH.
520 $a An interesting finding was the dramatic strain difference in sensitivity to BDCM-induced pregnancy loss. F344, Long-Evans, and Sprague-Dawely (SD), all had different sensitivities; F344 rats were the most sensitive and SD rats the least. All strains displayed decreased serum LH levels, albeit in somewhat different patterns. Curiously, their endogenous LH levels reflect their sensitivity profile. These dramatic strain differences in baseline LH levels and susceptibility exemplify the importance of strain as a consideration when assessing reproductive toxicity.
590 $a School code: 0153.
650 4 $a Health Sciences, Toxicology. $3 1017752
650 4 $a Engineering, Sanitary and Municipal. $3 1018731
690 $a 0383
690 $a 0554
710 2 0 $a The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. $3 1017449
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 64-03B.
790 1 0 $a Ball, Louise M., $e advisor
790 1 0 $a Narotsky, Michael G., $e advisor
790 $a 0153
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2003
856 $u http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/3086496
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3086496