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The composition of microbial communi...

Castle, Dawn Marie.

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The composition of microbial communities in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contaminated bottom waters of the Delaware Estuary.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	The composition of microbial communities in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contaminated bottom waters of the Delaware Estuary./
Author:	Castle, Dawn Marie.
Description:	116 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 64-03, Section: B, page: 1075.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International64-03B.
Subject:	Biology, Microbiology. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3085454

The composition of microbial communities in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contaminated bottom waters of the Delaware Estuary.
Castle, Dawn Marie.

The composition of microbial communities in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contaminated bottom waters of the Delaware Estuary. - 116 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 64-03, Section: B, page: 1075.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Delaware, 2003.

Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with oligonucleotide probes were used to investigate the effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on microbial community composition in estuarine waters. I systematically compared the results of these two independent methods to determine if they implied the same general picture of community composition. In most cases, the phylotypes represented in DGGE gels were members of the most dominant groups according to FISH. One notable exception were the beta-proteobacteria, which were the dominant phylotype in several samples according to FISH, but were often absent in DGGE gels. Both of these methods were used to investigate the effects of naphthalene additions on microbial communities in enrichment experiments using estuarine bottom water. Enhanced naphthalene mineralization and bacterial production rates and changes in microbial community composition were observed within three days after adding naphthalene. FISH data revealed that naphthalene-amended treatments contained fewer of the phylogenetic groups investigated (alpha,beta,gamma-proteobacteria, Cytophaga-Flavobacteria cluster) than controls.{09}Sequence analysis of bands recovered from DGGE gels indicated that three bacteria similar to known hydrocarbon degraders had grown up only in naphthalene-amended treatments. Similarly, in a survey of the Delaware Estuary and its tributary, the Schuylkill River, I observed the presence of bacteria similar to known hydrocarbon degraders most often at stations with high PAH concentrations. Oligonucleotide probes designed from PCR-DGGE derived sequences confirmed the presence of bacteria similar to known hydrocarbon degraders at PAH-contaminated sites. The detection of these bacteria in DGGE and with specific oligonucleotide probes suggests they are abundant in the environment. I demonstrated that microbial community composition was affected by naphthalene in laboratory experiments and also found a unique microbial community in the Schuylkill River where PAH concentrations were highest. In both the experiments and the survey, I was able to recover sequences of bacteria similar to known hydrocarbon degraders, suggesting that PAH-degrading bacteria are abundant even when PAH concentrations are low relative to natural organic components.Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017734
Biology, Microbiology.

The composition of microbial communities in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contaminated bottom waters of the Delaware Estuary.
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100 1 $a Castle, Dawn Marie. $3 1949595
245 1 4 $a The composition of microbial communities in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contaminated bottom waters of the Delaware Estuary.
300 $a 116 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 64-03, Section: B, page: 1075.
500 $a Professor in charge: David L. Kirchman.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Delaware, 2003.
520 $a Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with oligonucleotide probes were used to investigate the effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on microbial community composition in estuarine waters. I systematically compared the results of these two independent methods to determine if they implied the same general picture of community composition. In most cases, the phylotypes represented in DGGE gels were members of the most dominant groups according to FISH. One notable exception were the beta-proteobacteria, which were the dominant phylotype in several samples according to FISH, but were often absent in DGGE gels. Both of these methods were used to investigate the effects of naphthalene additions on microbial communities in enrichment experiments using estuarine bottom water. Enhanced naphthalene mineralization and bacterial production rates and changes in microbial community composition were observed within three days after adding naphthalene. FISH data revealed that naphthalene-amended treatments contained fewer of the phylogenetic groups investigated (alpha,beta,gamma-proteobacteria, Cytophaga-Flavobacteria cluster) than controls.{09}Sequence analysis of bands recovered from DGGE gels indicated that three bacteria similar to known hydrocarbon degraders had grown up only in naphthalene-amended treatments. Similarly, in a survey of the Delaware Estuary and its tributary, the Schuylkill River, I observed the presence of bacteria similar to known hydrocarbon degraders most often at stations with high PAH concentrations. Oligonucleotide probes designed from PCR-DGGE derived sequences confirmed the presence of bacteria similar to known hydrocarbon degraders at PAH-contaminated sites. The detection of these bacteria in DGGE and with specific oligonucleotide probes suggests they are abundant in the environment. I demonstrated that microbial community composition was affected by naphthalene in laboratory experiments and also found a unique microbial community in the Schuylkill River where PAH concentrations were highest. In both the experiments and the survey, I was able to recover sequences of bacteria similar to known hydrocarbon degraders, suggesting that PAH-degrading bacteria are abundant even when PAH concentrations are low relative to natural organic components.
590 $a School code: 0060.
650 4 $a Biology, Microbiology. $3 1017734
650 4 $a Environmental Sciences. $3 676987
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710 2 0 $a University of Delaware. $3 1017826
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 64-03B.
790 1 0 $a Kirchman, David L., $e advisor
790 $a 0060
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2003
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3085454