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Disturbance components and the struc...

Nutter, Douglas Anthony.

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Disturbance components and the structure of tidepool communities: Independent and interactive effects of area, magnitude, and temporal variability.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Disturbance components and the structure of tidepool communities: Independent and interactive effects of area, magnitude, and temporal variability./
Author:	Nutter, Douglas Anthony.
Description:	145 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 65-12, Section: B, page: 6154.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International65-12B.
Subject:	Biology, Ecology. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3158714
ISBN:	0496917110

Disturbance components and the structure of tidepool communities: Independent and interactive effects of area, magnitude, and temporal variability.
Nutter, Douglas Anthony.

Disturbance components and the structure of tidepool communities: Independent and interactive effects of area, magnitude, and temporal variability. - 145 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 65-12, Section: B, page: 6154.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Chicago, 2005.

Disturbance has long been recognized as one of the key environmental factors structuring communities, and disturbance components are predicted to interact biologically and statistically. Using artificial tidepools as an experimental venue, I investigated the effects of disturbance components on tidepool community structure, explicitly including trophic structure in the analyses. To elucidate the role of spatial magnitude, I allowed tidepool communities to develop over a 1.5 order-of-magnitude range of spatial scale. Unexpectedly, responses to habitat area were independent of trophic group, exhibiting developmental patterns (invasion timing, rates of accumulation, and asymptotic richness proportional to the regional species pool) that were functions of the size of the regional pool for each trophic group. Several mechanisms were responsible, including food web complexity, trophic heterogeneity, and trophic generalism. These discrepancies suggest the need to better understand the nature of the species in the regional species pool and incorporate greater biological realism into models of community development. Variability in disturbance regimes independent of magnitude acted similarly on tidepool communities. Species loss was essentially random, resulting in a weak Gleasonian gradient. Such community patterns may be fairly common, and a reasonable amount of community patterns seen in nature may be driven by rare species. Rare species were prone to extinction, and trophic-associated extinctions were uncommon, adding to the evidence for trophic-independent extinction. I attempted to delineate when a perturbation acts like stress and when it acts like a disturbance. Whether a potentially dominant species was available to colonize dictated the predictability and variability in community structure. In less-even communities, community structure was more unpredictable than in more even tidepools, where a U-shaped response in species richness occurred. Stress unexpectedly reduced variability in species richness. The addition of biological realism (trophic structure) resulted in highly context-dependent results. In general, the most important characteristics of species for their responses to environmental variation were non-trophic, and population size, especially when most species are generalists and recruitment is decoupled from local interspecific interactions, played a much stronger role. These results highlight the need to incorporate species traits and regional pool characteristics into models of ecological communities.

ISBN: 0496917110Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017726
Biology, Ecology.

Disturbance components and the structure of tidepool communities: Independent and interactive effects of area, magnitude, and temporal variability.
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100 1 $a Nutter, Douglas Anthony. $3 1937765
245 1 0 $a Disturbance components and the structure of tidepool communities: Independent and interactive effects of area, magnitude, and temporal variability.
300 $a 145 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 65-12, Section: B, page: 6154.
500 $a Advisers: J. Timothy Wootton; Catherine A. Pfister.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Chicago, 2005.
520 $a Disturbance has long been recognized as one of the key environmental factors structuring communities, and disturbance components are predicted to interact biologically and statistically. Using artificial tidepools as an experimental venue, I investigated the effects of disturbance components on tidepool community structure, explicitly including trophic structure in the analyses. To elucidate the role of spatial magnitude, I allowed tidepool communities to develop over a 1.5 order-of-magnitude range of spatial scale. Unexpectedly, responses to habitat area were independent of trophic group, exhibiting developmental patterns (invasion timing, rates of accumulation, and asymptotic richness proportional to the regional species pool) that were functions of the size of the regional pool for each trophic group. Several mechanisms were responsible, including food web complexity, trophic heterogeneity, and trophic generalism. These discrepancies suggest the need to better understand the nature of the species in the regional species pool and incorporate greater biological realism into models of community development. Variability in disturbance regimes independent of magnitude acted similarly on tidepool communities. Species loss was essentially random, resulting in a weak Gleasonian gradient. Such community patterns may be fairly common, and a reasonable amount of community patterns seen in nature may be driven by rare species. Rare species were prone to extinction, and trophic-associated extinctions were uncommon, adding to the evidence for trophic-independent extinction. I attempted to delineate when a perturbation acts like stress and when it acts like a disturbance. Whether a potentially dominant species was available to colonize dictated the predictability and variability in community structure. In less-even communities, community structure was more unpredictable than in more even tidepools, where a U-shaped response in species richness occurred. Stress unexpectedly reduced variability in species richness. The addition of biological realism (trophic structure) resulted in highly context-dependent results. In general, the most important characteristics of species for their responses to environmental variation were non-trophic, and population size, especially when most species are generalists and recruitment is decoupled from local interspecific interactions, played a much stronger role. These results highlight the need to incorporate species traits and regional pool characteristics into models of ecological communities.
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