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Phylogeny of Anaxagorea (Annonaceae)...

Scharaschkin, Tanya.

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Phylogeny of Anaxagorea (Annonaceae): Implications for biogeographic history and character evolution.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Phylogeny of Anaxagorea (Annonaceae): Implications for biogeographic history and character evolution./
Author:	Scharaschkin, Tanya.
Description:	121 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 65-03, Section: B, page: 1104.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International65-03B.
Subject:	Biology, Botany. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3126642
ISBN:	0496739212

Phylogeny of Anaxagorea (Annonaceae): Implications for biogeographic history and character evolution.
Scharaschkin, Tanya.

Phylogeny of Anaxagorea (Annonaceae): Implications for biogeographic history and character evolution. - 121 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 65-03, Section: B, page: 1104.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Davis, 2004.

The Annonaceae are a pantropical angiosperm family, in which Anaxagorea is the sister group of the rest of the family based on previous phylogenetic studies of both morphological characters and molecular evidence. Morphological characters hypothesized as supporting a basal position for the genus include laminar stamens, inner staminodes, and an adaxial plate of vascular tissue in the midrib. In the Annonaceae, Anaxagorea is the only genus with a disjunct distribution in South and Central America and southeast Asia. Earlier arguments on the biogeographic history of Annonaceae led to a hypothesis for a Laurasian origin for this genus based on comparisons with similar biogeographical distributions in other groups. A detailed phylogenetic study was conducted based on 75 morphological characters and molecular sequences from the atpB-rbcL spacer, psbA-trnH spacer, trnL-trnF spacer and the trnL intron. Outgroups selected include major clades in Annonaceae and all families of Magnoliales. Molecular analyses alone do not support the monophyly of the Asian species, but the morphological and combined molecular and morphological analyses do. All analyses place most of the Central American species in a clade, but none of them support an Asian-Central American clade. South American species form a basal grade in all analyses, thereby refuting the hypothesis of a Laurasian origin for the genus and indicating a Gondwanan origin instead. Both MacClade optimizations and DIVA reconstructions of biogeographic data indicate separate dispersals from South America to Central America and to Asia. Age estimates indicate an Eocene origin for the genus, but the clade containing the Asian and Central American species is dated to be younger than the Oligocene deterioration, thereby making it hard to argue for the North Atlantic land bridge as a dispersal route from South America to Asia. The distributions of several characters confirm that some distinctive similarities between Anaxagorea and the outgroups to Annonaceae are primitive retentions, e.g., the presence of an adaxial plate in the midrib, non-peltate stamen connectives, and a number of leaf architecture characters. A number of morphological characters have been identified that provide synapomorphies for the Central American clade and others for the Asian clade.

ISBN: 0496739212Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017825
Biology, Botany.

Phylogeny of Anaxagorea (Annonaceae): Implications for biogeographic history and character evolution.
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520 $a The Annonaceae are a pantropical angiosperm family, in which Anaxagorea is the sister group of the rest of the family based on previous phylogenetic studies of both morphological characters and molecular evidence. Morphological characters hypothesized as supporting a basal position for the genus include laminar stamens, inner staminodes, and an adaxial plate of vascular tissue in the midrib. In the Annonaceae, Anaxagorea is the only genus with a disjunct distribution in South and Central America and southeast Asia. Earlier arguments on the biogeographic history of Annonaceae led to a hypothesis for a Laurasian origin for this genus based on comparisons with similar biogeographical distributions in other groups. A detailed phylogenetic study was conducted based on 75 morphological characters and molecular sequences from the atpB-rbcL spacer, psbA-trnH spacer, trnL-trnF spacer and the trnL intron. Outgroups selected include major clades in Annonaceae and all families of Magnoliales. Molecular analyses alone do not support the monophyly of the Asian species, but the morphological and combined molecular and morphological analyses do. All analyses place most of the Central American species in a clade, but none of them support an Asian-Central American clade. South American species form a basal grade in all analyses, thereby refuting the hypothesis of a Laurasian origin for the genus and indicating a Gondwanan origin instead. Both MacClade optimizations and DIVA reconstructions of biogeographic data indicate separate dispersals from South America to Central America and to Asia. Age estimates indicate an Eocene origin for the genus, but the clade containing the Asian and Central American species is dated to be younger than the Oligocene deterioration, thereby making it hard to argue for the North Atlantic land bridge as a dispersal route from South America to Asia. The distributions of several characters confirm that some distinctive similarities between Anaxagorea and the outgroups to Annonaceae are primitive retentions, e.g., the presence of an adaxial plate in the midrib, non-peltate stamen connectives, and a number of leaf architecture characters. A number of morphological characters have been identified that provide synapomorphies for the Central American clade and others for the Asian clade.
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