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Optimization of the use of polyethyl...

Pang, Peter.

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Optimization of the use of polyethylene oxide and calcium carbonate in papermaking.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Optimization of the use of polyethylene oxide and calcium carbonate in papermaking./
Author:	Pang, Peter.
Description:	201 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 63-08, Section: B, page: 3817.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International63-08B.
Subject:	Engineering, Chemical. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=NQ71516
ISBN:	0612715167

Optimization of the use of polyethylene oxide and calcium carbonate in papermaking.
Pang, Peter.

Optimization of the use of polyethylene oxide and calcium carbonate in papermaking. - 201 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 63-08, Section: B, page: 3817.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of British Columbia (Canada), 2001.

Traditionally, high molecular weight polyethylene oxide (PEO) has been used as a flocculant (retention aid) in conjunction with another chemical called cofactor for fiber fines and mineral filler retention when using mechanical pulps. The role of the cofactor is to enhance the retention of PEO. An alternative approach is to use PEO alone above the cloud point temperature (CPT) of the PEO-water solution. It has been shown to enhance retention (flocculation). Clay is a typical mineral filler for paper. Calcium carbonate is another one with a number of desirable characteristics. However, application of calcium carbonate in acidic papermaking is limited by its extensive dissolution under acidic conditions. In addition, under its natural pH (8--9), calcium carbonate is not suitable for use because at these pH conditions alkaline darkening of mechanical pulp occurs. Hence, there is an optimum pH window typically between 6.9--7.2 and a requirement to minimize the dissolution of calcium carbonate. One method to minimize dissolution of calcium carbonate is to use phosphoric acid. The main objectives of this work were (i) to illustrate how the flocculating capability of the PEO can be significantly enhanced in the absence of a cofactor by inducing PEO-water phase separation, (ii) to understand how the inhibition mechanism operates and to develop an improved treatment process for inhibiting the dissolution of ground calcium carbonate (GCC) and (iii) to propose methods for implementation in papermaking.

ISBN: 0612715167Subjects--Topical Terms:

1018531
Engineering, Chemical.

Optimization of the use of polyethylene oxide and calcium carbonate in papermaking.
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100 1 $a Pang, Peter. $3 1929811
245 1 0 $a Optimization of the use of polyethylene oxide and calcium carbonate in papermaking.
300 $a 201 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 63-08, Section: B, page: 3817.
500 $a Adviser: Peter Englezos.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of British Columbia (Canada), 2001.
520 $a Traditionally, high molecular weight polyethylene oxide (PEO) has been used as a flocculant (retention aid) in conjunction with another chemical called cofactor for fiber fines and mineral filler retention when using mechanical pulps. The role of the cofactor is to enhance the retention of PEO. An alternative approach is to use PEO alone above the cloud point temperature (CPT) of the PEO-water solution. It has been shown to enhance retention (flocculation). Clay is a typical mineral filler for paper. Calcium carbonate is another one with a number of desirable characteristics. However, application of calcium carbonate in acidic papermaking is limited by its extensive dissolution under acidic conditions. In addition, under its natural pH (8--9), calcium carbonate is not suitable for use because at these pH conditions alkaline darkening of mechanical pulp occurs. Hence, there is an optimum pH window typically between 6.9--7.2 and a requirement to minimize the dissolution of calcium carbonate. One method to minimize dissolution of calcium carbonate is to use phosphoric acid. The main objectives of this work were (i) to illustrate how the flocculating capability of the PEO can be significantly enhanced in the absence of a cofactor by inducing PEO-water phase separation, (ii) to understand how the inhibition mechanism operates and to develop an improved treatment process for inhibiting the dissolution of ground calcium carbonate (GCC) and (iii) to propose methods for implementation in papermaking.
520 $a Retention of fines, clay and GCC under papermaking conditions was significantly enhanced at temperatures above the cloud point temperature (CPT) of the PEO-water system. The CPT is defined as the temperature at which a homogenous aqueous PEO solution turns into two phases. The CPT was found to decrease with increasing electrolyte content and shear.
520 $a PEO was found to flocculate clay and phosphate-pretreated GCC effectively at temperatures above the CPT. Particle size measurements showed that the kinetics of flocculation was affected by the temperature deviation from the CPT, shear, PEO concentration and molecular weight. Surface erosion caused by the shearing action of the water surrounding the flocs is believed to be the main mechanism for the breakup of the flocs. In the absence of colloidal particles, the phase-separated PEO polymers were also found to interact with themselves and form macroscopic aggregates. It is proposed that the mechanism for the flocculation of colloidal particles involves a cooperative action of enhanced adsorption of phase-separated PEO onto colloidal particles (clay and GCC) and entrapment of colloidal particles into the phase-separated PEO aggregates.
520 $a A pretreatment method, which involves mixing a thick stock GCC suspension with phosphoric acid for 24 hours, was found effective in inhibiting the GCC dissolution in acidic mechanical pulp suspension. Surface analysis confirmed that the inhibition was brought about by the precipitation of insoluble calcium-phosphate containing overgrowths on the GCC surface, which act as a protective barrier.
590 $a School code: 2500.
650 4 $a Engineering, Chemical. $3 1018531
650 4 $a Agriculture, Wood Technology. $3 1031154
690 $a 0542
690 $a 0746
710 2 0 $a The University of British Columbia (Canada). $3 626643
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 63-08B.
790 1 0 $a Englezos, Peter, $e advisor
790 $a 2500
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2001
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=NQ71516