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Mechanisms of nitrogen-regulated dev...

Lorenz, Michael C.

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Mechanisms of nitrogen-regulated development in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Mechanisms of nitrogen-regulated development in Saccharomyces cerevisiae./
Author:	Lorenz, Michael C.
Description:	303 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 58-12, Section: B, page: 6370.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International58-12B.
Subject:	Biology, Genetics. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=9818521
ISBN:	0591699028

Mechanisms of nitrogen-regulated development in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Lorenz, Michael C.

Mechanisms of nitrogen-regulated development in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. - 303 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 58-12, Section: B, page: 6370.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Duke University, 1997.

When diploid cells of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae are starved for nitrogen, they differentiate into elongated, filamentous pseudohyphae. In other fungi, differentiation processes enable organisms to invade tissues of plant or animal hosts, find mating partners, or disperse spore progeny, through dramatic morphological changes, alterations in cell cycle progression and cell polarity. Similarly, pseudohyphal differentiation may be a scavenging mechanism in nutrient poor conditions. The regulation of these events is poorly characterized; information available suggests that the signaling events that control development are similar amongst diverse fungi and, moreover, to signaling pathways in multicellular organisms. The genetic resources available in S. cerevisiae make pseudohyphal differentiation a valuable model of fungal development and signal transduction in all eukaryotes.

ISBN: 0591699028Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017730
Biology, Genetics.

Mechanisms of nitrogen-regulated development in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
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020 $a 0591699028
035 $a (UnM)AAI9818521
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040 $a UnM $c UnM
100 1 $a Lorenz, Michael C. $3 1927858
245 1 0 $a Mechanisms of nitrogen-regulated development in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
300 $a 303 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 58-12, Section: B, page: 6370.
500 $a Supervisor: Joseph Heitman.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Duke University, 1997.
520 $a When diploid cells of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae are starved for nitrogen, they differentiate into elongated, filamentous pseudohyphae. In other fungi, differentiation processes enable organisms to invade tissues of plant or animal hosts, find mating partners, or disperse spore progeny, through dramatic morphological changes, alterations in cell cycle progression and cell polarity. Similarly, pseudohyphal differentiation may be a scavenging mechanism in nutrient poor conditions. The regulation of these events is poorly characterized; information available suggests that the signaling events that control development are similar amongst diverse fungi and, moreover, to signaling pathways in multicellular organisms. The genetic resources available in S. cerevisiae make pseudohyphal differentiation a valuable model of fungal development and signal transduction in all eukaryotes.
520 $a In this dissertation, I demonstrate that pseudohyphal development is regulated by a G-protein coupled pathway. The G $\ alpha $ protein GPA2 is required for differentiation, while a dominant active GPA2 allele induces filamentation in the absence of nitrogen starvation. The activity of GPA2, in combination with RAS2, regulates a cAMP-responsive signaling pathway, as cAMP promotes filamentation and suppresses the pseudohyphal defects in $\ Delta gpa $2 mutants. This signaling pathway is independent of the MAP kinase cascade previously found to regulate dimorphism.
520 $a Genetic evidence indicates that GPA2 is coupled to GRE1, a seven transmembrane domain receptor. The mechanism of GRE1 activation is currently unknown, but data implicates the high affinity ammonium permease MEP2. $\ Delta $m ep2/ $\ Delta $m ep2 strains have a pseudohyphal defect, unlike strains lacking the homologus ammonium permeases MEP1 or MEP3. $\ Delta $m ep2 mutations do not alter ammonium metabolism or uptake, indicating that MEP2 has a signaling role in filamentous growth. In support of this model, dominant GPA2 or RAS2 mutants, or exogenous cAMP, suppress the $\ Delta $m ep2 pseudohyphal deficiency. We have identified a number of additional suppressors of the $\ Delta $m ep2 mutation, including known pseudohyphal enhancers (PHD1, PHD2, TEC1) and a number of additional transcription factors homologs. In summary, regulation of pseudohyphal differentiation is complex, involving G protein/cAMP and MAP kinase mediated pathways, in addition to as yet uncharacterized pathways.
590 $a School code: 0066.
650 4 $a Biology, Genetics. $3 1017730
650 4 $a Biology, Molecular. $3 1017719
650 4 $a Biology, Microbiology. $3 1017734
650 4 $a Biology, Cell. $3 1017686
690 $a 0369
690 $a 0307
690 $a 0410
690 $a 0379
710 2 0 $a Duke University. $3 569686
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 58-12B.
790 1 0 $a Heitman, Joseph, $e advisor
790 $a 0066
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 1997
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=9818521