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Essays on the allocation of public r...

Votruba, Mark Edward.

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Essays on the allocation of public resources.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Essays on the allocation of public resources./
作者:	Votruba, Mark Edward.
面頁冊數:	196 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 64-02, Section: A, page: 0600.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International64-02A.
標題:	Economics, Labor. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3080042
ISBN:	0496279197

Essays on the allocation of public resources.
Votruba, Mark Edward.

Essays on the allocation of public resources. - 196 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 64-02, Section: A, page: 0600.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Princeton University, 2003.

This dissertation consists of two empirical studies applying the tools of microeconomic analysis and econometrics to important allocation problems relevant to public policy in the United States.

ISBN: 0496279197Subjects--Topical Terms:

1019135
Economics, Labor.

Essays on the allocation of public resources.
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500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 64-02, Section: A, page: 0600.
500 $a Adviser: Orley Ashenfelter.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Princeton University, 2003.
520 $a This dissertation consists of two empirical studies applying the tools of microeconomic analysis and econometrics to important allocation problems relevant to public policy in the United States.
520 $a The first essay addresses inherent tradeoffs in allocating the limited supply of cadaveric kidneys to patients on the national transplant waiting list. Using data on patients placed on the transplant waiting list between 1987 and 1997, the author estimates the effect of candidate characteristics and donor-recipient match quality on the hazard rates of pre-transplant mortality, post-transplant mortality and post-transplant graft failure. These estimates are used to specify an "efficient" allocation system consistent with the objective of maximizing the aggregate health of potential transplant recipients. Simulations demonstrate that implementing the efficient allocation system would greatly increase the expected health benefits generated from the limited supply of cadaveric kidneys. The additional life years produced per transplant would rise 49 percent under the efficient system, while graft use time would increase 27 percent. However, allocations to patients who are black, suffering from diabetes or hypertension, or advancing in age would be greatly reduced, raising important equity concerns.
520 $a The second essay addresses the effect of Social Security benefit size on the labor force participation of retirees. The magnitude of this effect is critical for predicting the impact of recent changes in the Social Security system on the welfare of retirees. Consistent with the standard labor supply model, benefit size has a statistically significant effect on the probability of work by married retirees. A 10% increase in benefit size decreases the probability a retired husband was currently working by 3--4 percentage points (from a mean of 25.5%) and decreases the probability a retired wife was currently working by 2--3 percentage points (from a mean of 12.8%). Tentative evidence suggests that retirees respond to a lower benefit with (at most) small increases in labor earnings and income from other unearned sources. As a result, benefit reductions will largely translate into decreased retirement incomes unless workers respond by increasing pre-retirement savings or delaying retirement. This essay demonstrates how non-linearities in the benefits formula allow one to overcome standard identification problems.
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