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Control of cannibalism in Bacillus s...

Hobbs, Errett Charles.

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Control of cannibalism in Bacillus subtilis.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Control of cannibalism in Bacillus subtilis./
Author:	Hobbs, Errett Charles.
Description:	101 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-05, Section: B, page: 2354.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International67-05B.
Subject:	Biology, Microbiology. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3217757
ISBN:	9780542692741

Control of cannibalism in Bacillus subtilis.
Hobbs, Errett Charles.

Control of cannibalism in Bacillus subtilis. - 101 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-05, Section: B, page: 2354.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Harvard University, 2006.

The Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis initiates the process of endospore formation in response to conditions of limited nutrient availability. Endospore formation is a dramatic undertaking for a bacterium requiring the activation of approximately 500 genes over the course of six hours. A bacterium becomes irreversibly committed to completing the process of endospore formation relatively soon after its initiation, so it is not surprising that B. subtilis tightly controls the activation of Spo0A.

ISBN: 9780542692741Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017734
Biology, Microbiology.

Control of cannibalism in Bacillus subtilis.
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020 $a 9780542692741
035 $a (UMI)AAI3217757
035 $a AAI3217757
040 $a UMI $c UMI
100 1 $a Hobbs, Errett Charles. $3 1917907
245 1 0 $a Control of cannibalism in Bacillus subtilis.
300 $a 101 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-05, Section: B, page: 2354.
500 $a Adviser: Richard Losick.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Harvard University, 2006.
520 $a The Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis initiates the process of endospore formation in response to conditions of limited nutrient availability. Endospore formation is a dramatic undertaking for a bacterium requiring the activation of approximately 500 genes over the course of six hours. A bacterium becomes irreversibly committed to completing the process of endospore formation relatively soon after its initiation, so it is not surprising that B. subtilis tightly controls the activation of Spo0A.
520 $a B. subtilis employs a cannibalistic behavior to forestall committing to the process of endospore formation. Sporulating cells secrete two toxins that kill non-sporulating cells within the population. Lysis of the non-sporulating cells releases nutrients into the extracellular milieu. The sporulating cells metabolize these nutrients and consequently are able to postpone making the commitment to endospore formation.
520 $a A simple signal transduction pathway activates immunity to one of these cannibalism toxins. The pathway consists of three components: the toxin, an immunity protein, and an autorepressor which is encoded in the same operon as the immunity protein. When the toxin binds to the surface of a sporulating cell, it is neutralized as it forms a complex with the immunity protein. The immunity protein also serves as the receptor for the toxin/ligand, and in the presence of the toxin, the immunity protein induces its own synthesis by sequestering and inactivating the autorepressor at the cell membrane.
520 $a Endospore formation is triggered by the activation of a set of kinases. These kinases phosphorylate the master regulator for sporulation, Spo0A, bringing about its activation as a transcription factor. One kinase, KinA, is primarily responsible for allowing endospore formation to occur efficiently; however, an accessory kinase, KinC, is required for the maximal expression of the genes that mediate cannibalism.
520 $a Spo0A indirectly activates the expression of the genes involved in cannibalism by inactivating the transcription of a global repressor. The immunity gene becomes activated at a lower level of Spo0A activity as compared to the toxin genes. We postulate that this is because the global repressor exhibits a lower affinity for the immunity gene's promoter as compared to the promoters for the toxin genes.
590 $a School code: 0084.
650 4 $a Biology, Microbiology. $3 1017734
690 $a 0410
710 2 0 $a Harvard University. $3 528741
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 67-05B.
790 1 0 $a Losick, Richard, $e advisor
790 $a 0084
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2006
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3217757