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Global phylogeography of the mallard...

Harrigan, Ryan J.

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Global phylogeography of the mallard complex (genus Anas): Speciation, hybridization, and lineage sorting.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Global phylogeography of the mallard complex (genus Anas): Speciation, hybridization, and lineage sorting./
作者:	Harrigan, Ryan J.
面頁冊數:	231 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-04, Section: B, page: 1799.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International67-04B.
標題:	Biology, Genetics. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3214943
ISBN:	9780542661648

Global phylogeography of the mallard complex (genus Anas): Speciation, hybridization, and lineage sorting.
Harrigan, Ryan J.

Global phylogeography of the mallard complex (genus Anas): Speciation, hybridization, and lineage sorting. - 231 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-04, Section: B, page: 1799.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Boston University, 2006.

Molecular genetics provides evolutionary biologists with unprecedented opportunities to explore the demographic history and phylogenetic relationships of organisms, an imperfect record of which is captured in their DNA sequences. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), in particular, has become the most widely used marker in molecular systematics due to its variability and haploid, maternal inheritance. Ideally, mtDNA gene trees serve as valid proxies for organismal phylogenies, but incomplete lineage sorting, hybridization, and the presence of pseudogenes may result in paraphyly of the mtDNA lineages in closely related species. Two waterfowl species, the Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) and American Black Duck (Anas rubripes), figured prominently as an early example of incomplete lineage sorting, but their history has yet to be examined within the broader context of the global diversification of the "mallard complex," a group of 13 closely related species. The efficacy of computational methods for determining haplotypes at diploid nuclear loci is demonstrated, thereby allowing comparable analyses of DNA sequence data from the nuclear genome in conjunction with mtDNA data in studies of the phylogeography of this group.

ISBN: 9780542661648Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017730
Biology, Genetics.

Global phylogeography of the mallard complex (genus Anas): Speciation, hybridization, and lineage sorting.
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245 1 0 $a Global phylogeography of the mallard complex (genus Anas): Speciation, hybridization, and lineage sorting.
300 $a 231 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-04, Section: B, page: 1799.
500 $a Adviser: Michael D. Sorenson.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Boston University, 2006.
520 $a Molecular genetics provides evolutionary biologists with unprecedented opportunities to explore the demographic history and phylogenetic relationships of organisms, an imperfect record of which is captured in their DNA sequences. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), in particular, has become the most widely used marker in molecular systematics due to its variability and haploid, maternal inheritance. Ideally, mtDNA gene trees serve as valid proxies for organismal phylogenies, but incomplete lineage sorting, hybridization, and the presence of pseudogenes may result in paraphyly of the mtDNA lineages in closely related species. Two waterfowl species, the Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) and American Black Duck (Anas rubripes), figured prominently as an early example of incomplete lineage sorting, but their history has yet to be examined within the broader context of the global diversification of the "mallard complex," a group of 13 closely related species. The efficacy of computational methods for determining haplotypes at diploid nuclear loci is demonstrated, thereby allowing comparable analyses of DNA sequence data from the nuclear genome in conjunction with mtDNA data in studies of the phylogeography of this group.
520 $a Both mtDNA and nuclear sequence data from numerous samples of five Northern Hemisphere mallard species support a model of recent parapatric speciation, largely accounting for the profound paraphyly of lineages in this group. Hybridization, exacerbated by anthropogenic effects, however, has likely increased in the past century and now threatens to erase the evolved, adaptive differences among these species. Additionally, hybridization between mallards and black ducks is biased in favor of pairings between female black ducks and male mallards as behavioral data predicts, but reciprocal crosses also occur, leading to genetic introgression of mtDNA lineages in both directions. To better detect hybridization events between these genetically similar species, a nuclear loci suite was developed and is demonstrated to effectively assign individual organisms to species and identify hybrids even when there are no fixed differences between species.
520 $a If the mallard example is typical of closely related species, it suggests the need for multi-marker analyses, greater attention to issues of lineage sorting, and the possibility that anthropogenic effects can have profound impacts on the phylogenetic structure of species complexes.
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