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Three essays on poverty and inequali...

Shierholz, Heidi S.

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Three essays on poverty and inequality in the United States.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Three essays on poverty and inequality in the United States./
作者:	Shierholz, Heidi S.
面頁冊數:	99 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 66-10, Section: A, page: 3755.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International66-10A.
標題:	Economics, Labor. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3192778
ISBN:	9780542365928

Three essays on poverty and inequality in the United States.
Shierholz, Heidi S.

Three essays on poverty and inequality in the United States. - 99 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 66-10, Section: A, page: 3755.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Michigan, 2005.

Each of the main chapters in this dissertation deal broadly with issues of poverty and inequality in the United States from an empirical microeconomics perspective. I approach these issues from two distinct angles. First, I examine various aspects of a large government transfer program that has received virtually no research attention from economists---the public provision of attorneys for poor people accused of crimes. One primary question I investigate is whether defendants who take up the services of a publicly provided attorney have better or worse case outcomes than they would have had they retained a private attorney. I use an instrumental variables approach to address nonrandom selection into the population of defendants who have a publicly provided attorney, where the instrument comes from county-level variation in eligibility screening practices. This approach identifies the effect on case outcomes of having a publicly provided attorney for defendants near the border of eligibility. I find that these marginal defendants have better case outcomes with a publicly provided attorney than they would have had with the private alternatives they could afford. Importantly, these results are agnostic about whether publicly provided attorneys are as effective on average as their private counterparts, but they do show that public attorneys are providing a valuable service to their target population.

ISBN: 9780542365928Subjects--Topical Terms:

1019135
Economics, Labor.

Three essays on poverty and inequality in the United States.
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502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Michigan, 2005.
520 $a Each of the main chapters in this dissertation deal broadly with issues of poverty and inequality in the United States from an empirical microeconomics perspective. I approach these issues from two distinct angles. First, I examine various aspects of a large government transfer program that has received virtually no research attention from economists---the public provision of attorneys for poor people accused of crimes. One primary question I investigate is whether defendants who take up the services of a publicly provided attorney have better or worse case outcomes than they would have had they retained a private attorney. I use an instrumental variables approach to address nonrandom selection into the population of defendants who have a publicly provided attorney, where the instrument comes from county-level variation in eligibility screening practices. This approach identifies the effect on case outcomes of having a publicly provided attorney for defendants near the border of eligibility. I find that these marginal defendants have better case outcomes with a publicly provided attorney than they would have had with the private alternatives they could afford. Importantly, these results are agnostic about whether publicly provided attorneys are as effective on average as their private counterparts, but they do show that public attorneys are providing a valuable service to their target population.
520 $a Second, I conduct an investigation of the gap in wages between men and women in the United States over the last twenty-five years. The gender wage gap declined dramatically during the entire period from 1979 to 2003 with the exception of a level period in the mid- to late-nineties. We offer an explicit treatment of age cohorts in an attempt to untangle wage differences between cohorts from the trends over time within cohorts. We find that the impressive decline in the gender wage gap in the 1980's was due largely to the fact that baby boomer women were much more positively selected into the labor force in their thirties than the cohort they replaced. The leveling-off of the wage gap in the 1990s was due to the fact that the baby boomer selectivity effect was a one-time shot; baby boomer women had very different selectivity in their thirties than the cohort that preceded them, but later cohorts were very much like the baby boomers.
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