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Glucosinolates, isothiocyanates and ...

Harvey, Stephanie Gail.

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Glucosinolates, isothiocyanates and biofumigation: A potential alternative of controlling soilborne pests.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Glucosinolates, isothiocyanates and biofumigation: A potential alternative of controlling soilborne pests./
Author:	Harvey, Stephanie Gail.
Description:	203 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 63-07, Section: B, page: 3075.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International63-07B.
Subject:	Agriculture, Agronomy. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3059744
ISBN:	9780493754369

Glucosinolates, isothiocyanates and biofumigation: A potential alternative of controlling soilborne pests.
Harvey, Stephanie Gail.

Glucosinolates, isothiocyanates and biofumigation: A potential alternative of controlling soilborne pests. - 203 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 63-07, Section: B, page: 3075.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Tennessee, 2002.

With the 2005 ban on methyl bromide, a predominant soil fumigant, viable alternative methods of controlling soilborne plant diseases are required. Glucosinolates (GS), found in intact plant tissues of Brassica spp. L., are naturally occurring secondary metabolites. When tissues are damaged, the enzyme myrosinase catalyzes GS into the volatile isothiocyanates (ITC), which have biocidal activity. This project investigated, the application of Brassica spp. as a potential alternative for controlling soilborne pest. Three sets of experiments were conducted: (1) inhibition of Sclerotium roflsii Sacc. mycecial growth by Indian mustard ( B. juncea) and allyl ITC, (2) effects of Brassica spp. cover crop incorporation into soil (biofumigation) on tomato fruit yield, and (3) toxicity of individual ITC on Botrytis cinerea Pers.: Fr., Penicillium expansum Link, S. roflsii, Pythium myriotylum Drechs., and Agrobacterium tumefaciens (Smith and Townsend) Conn.

ISBN: 9780493754369Subjects--Topical Terms:

1018679
Agriculture, Agronomy.

Glucosinolates, isothiocyanates and biofumigation: A potential alternative of controlling soilborne pests.
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100 1 $a Harvey, Stephanie Gail. $3 1913384
245 1 0 $a Glucosinolates, isothiocyanates and biofumigation: A potential alternative of controlling soilborne pests.
300 $a 203 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 63-07, Section: B, page: 3075.
500 $a Major Professor: Carl E. Sams.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Tennessee, 2002.
520 $a With the 2005 ban on methyl bromide, a predominant soil fumigant, viable alternative methods of controlling soilborne plant diseases are required. Glucosinolates (GS), found in intact plant tissues of Brassica spp. L., are naturally occurring secondary metabolites. When tissues are damaged, the enzyme myrosinase catalyzes GS into the volatile isothiocyanates (ITC), which have biocidal activity. This project investigated, the application of Brassica spp. as a potential alternative for controlling soilborne pest. Three sets of experiments were conducted: (1) inhibition of Sclerotium roflsii Sacc. mycecial growth by Indian mustard ( B. juncea) and allyl ITC, (2) effects of Brassica spp. cover crop incorporation into soil (biofumigation) on tomato fruit yield, and (3) toxicity of individual ITC on Botrytis cinerea Pers.: Fr., Penicillium expansum Link, S. roflsii, Pythium myriotylum Drechs., and Agrobacterium tumefaciens (Smith and Townsend) Conn.
520 $a Indian mustard concentrations needed to produce 50% and 90% inhibition (IC50 and IC90) were 0.74 and 0.98 g·L -1 headspace volume. Allyl ITC IC50 and IC90 were calculated at 1.6 and 4.5 mumol·L-1 respectively. For the 2000 crop, tomato plots biofumigated with Fall Raab cv. "Salade," demonstrated 40% increase in marketable fruit yield when compared to control plots (P < 0.01). Indian mustard biofumigated plots showed an 18.2% increase in marketable fruit yield ( P < 0.01).
520 $a The IC90 for methyl ITC, allyl ITC, phenethyl ITC, cheirolin, erucin and brassinin were calculated for each of the pathogens. Brassinin had the lowest IC90 for B. cinerea at 26 muMoles mL-1. Phenethyl ITC had the strongest level of inhibition against P. myriotylum, S. roflsii, and P. expansum with IC90 of 11-, 27-, and 22 muMoles mL-1 , respectively. Agrobacterium tumefaciens was less sensitive to the compounds tested. Allyl ITC and phenethyl ITC achieved 90% inhibition with IC90 of 395- and 213 muMoles mL-1 , respectively.
520 $a While there are still vast amounts of research to be done in this area, the potential for Brassica spp. and other GS containing plants to be used to control soilborne pests is great. With the information discovered to date, biofumigation using these plants could provide organic and "green" growers with measurable control of some soil pests.
590 $a School code: 0226.
650 4 $a Agriculture, Agronomy. $3 1018679
650 4 $a Biology, Plant Physiology. $3 1017865
690 $a 0285
690 $a 0817
710 2 0 $a The University of Tennessee. $3 1022026
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 63-07B.
790 1 0 $a Sams, Carl E., $e advisor
790 $a 0226
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2002
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3059744