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Snow Level Elevation over the Wester...

Svoma, Bohumil M.

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Snow Level Elevation over the Western United States: An Analysis of Variability and Trend.

Record Type:	Language materials, printed : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Snow Level Elevation over the Western United States: An Analysis of Variability and Trend./
Author:	Svoma, Bohumil M.
Description:	229 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 72-06, Section: B, page: .
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International72-06B.
Subject:	Climate Change. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3449183
ISBN:	9781124557137

Snow Level Elevation over the Western United States: An Analysis of Variability and Trend.
Svoma, Bohumil M.

Snow Level Elevation over the Western United States: An Analysis of Variability and Trend. - 229 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 72-06, Section: B, page: .

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Arizona State University, 2011.

Many previous investigators highlight the importance of snowfall to the water supply of the western United States (US). Consequently, the variability of snowpack, snowmelt, and snowfall has been studied extensively. Snow level (the elevation that rainfall transitions to snowfall) directly influences the spatial extent of snowfall and has received little attention in the climate literature. In this study, the relationships between snow level and El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) as well as Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) are established. The contributions of ENSO/PDO to observed multi-decadal trends are analyzed for the last &sim;80 years. Snowfall elevations are quantified using three methods: (1) empirically, based on precipitation type from weather stations at a range of elevations; (2) theoretically, from wet-bulb zero heights; (3) theoretically, from measures of thickness and temperature. Statistically significant (p < 0.05) results consistent between the three datasets suggest snow levels are highest during El Nino events. This signal is particularly apparent over the coastal regions and the increased snow levels may be a result of frequent maritime flow into the western US during El Nino events. The El Nino signal weakens with distance from the Pacific Ocean and the Southern Rockies display decreased snow level elevations, likely due to maritime air masses within the mid-latitude cyclones following enhanced meridional flow transitioning to continental air masses. The modulation of these results by PDO suggest that this El Nino signal is amplified (dampened) during the cold (warm) phase of the PDO particularly over Southern California. Additionally, over the coastal states, the La Nina signal during the cold PDO is similar to the general El Nino signal. This PDO signal is likely due to more zonal (meridional) flow throughout winter during the cold (warm) PDO from the weakening (strengthening) of the Aleutian low in the North Pacific. Significant trend results indicate widespread increases in snow level across the western US. These trends span changes in PDO phase and trends with ENSO/PDO variability removed are significantly positive. These results suggest that the wide spread increases in snow level are not well explained by these sea surface temperature oscillations.

ISBN: 9781124557137Subjects--Topical Terms:

894284
Climate Change.

Snow Level Elevation over the Western United States: An Analysis of Variability and Trend.
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