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The nature of savannas that replace ...

Veldman, Joseph William.

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The nature of savannas that replace dry forests in Chiquitania, Bolivia.

紀錄類型:	書目-語言資料,印刷品 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	The nature of savannas that replace dry forests in Chiquitania, Bolivia./
作者:	Veldman, Joseph William.
面頁冊數:	114 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 71-08, Section: B, page: 4598.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International71-08B.
標題:	Biology, Botany. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3416742
ISBN:	9781124128672

The nature of savannas that replace dry forests in Chiquitania, Bolivia.
Veldman, Joseph William.

The nature of savannas that replace dry forests in Chiquitania, Bolivia. - 114 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 71-08, Section: B, page: 4598.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Florida, 2010.

Climate change, deforestation, agriculture, logging, drought, and fire are predicted to interact in ways that will render forests of the Amazon Basin susceptible to conversion to savanna, but it remains unclear what sort of savanna will replace forest and the identities of the grasses and tree species that will dominate. I studied savannas that replaced dry forests in the region of Chiquitania in eastern lowland Bolivia, which is on the southern rim of the Amazon Basin in a transition zone between forest and savanna biomes. Using satellite image analysis of a 22,500 km2 area, I identified 1420 km2 that was transformed from forest to savanna between 1986 and 2005. The savannas that replaced forest were dominated by one or two native or exotic grasses, and were floristically distinct from native savannas. The trees in recently derived savannas were primarily thin-barked forest species and not fire-tolerant species typical of fire-maintained savannas. Derived savannas had lower native grass and tree diversity than native savannas, occurred on more fertile soils and supported fuel loads that were twice as large. The majority of derived savannas were dominated by either exotic forage grasses in the genus Urochloa or by Guadua paniculata , a native bamboo. Guadua stands were characterized by frequent fires, charred dead trees, and large fuel loads (up to 16 Mg/ha); clearly fire played a role in their creation. On a positive note, foliar analysis of Guadua indicates its potential use as cattle forage.

ISBN: 9781124128672Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017825
Biology, Botany.

The nature of savannas that replace dry forests in Chiquitania, Bolivia.
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245 1 4 $a The nature of savannas that replace dry forests in Chiquitania, Bolivia.
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500 $a Adviser: Francis E. Putz.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Florida, 2010.
520 $a Climate change, deforestation, agriculture, logging, drought, and fire are predicted to interact in ways that will render forests of the Amazon Basin susceptible to conversion to savanna, but it remains unclear what sort of savanna will replace forest and the identities of the grasses and tree species that will dominate. I studied savannas that replaced dry forests in the region of Chiquitania in eastern lowland Bolivia, which is on the southern rim of the Amazon Basin in a transition zone between forest and savanna biomes. Using satellite image analysis of a 22,500 km2 area, I identified 1420 km2 that was transformed from forest to savanna between 1986 and 2005. The savannas that replaced forest were dominated by one or two native or exotic grasses, and were floristically distinct from native savannas. The trees in recently derived savannas were primarily thin-barked forest species and not fire-tolerant species typical of fire-maintained savannas. Derived savannas had lower native grass and tree diversity than native savannas, occurred on more fertile soils and supported fuel loads that were twice as large. The majority of derived savannas were dominated by either exotic forage grasses in the genus Urochloa or by Guadua paniculata , a native bamboo. Guadua stands were characterized by frequent fires, charred dead trees, and large fuel loads (up to 16 Mg/ha); clearly fire played a role in their creation. On a positive note, foliar analysis of Guadua indicates its potential use as cattle forage.
520 $a To better understand the role of land-use practices in promoting savanna expansion into forested areas, I studied grasses in a selectively logged forest. Forest invasion by alien grasses was promoted by selective logging and fire through opening the canopy and creating sites suitable for C4 grasses, the most abundant of which was U. maxima; no native savanna species were found to colonize logged forest. To determine how grass propagules arrived in the forest, I collected seeds falling from logging trucks and demonstrated that grass seeds are carried far into the forest by motor vehicles. This research improves our understanding of how the floristic compositions of forest-replacing savannas are influenced by human-land use, soil fertility, and seed dispersal. Savanna expansion models could be improved by clarifying the sort of savanna that will replace forests and the ecosystem level consequences (e.g., fuel loads) of derived compared to native savannas.
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650 4 $a Biology, Ecology. $3 1017726
650 4 $a Agriculture, Forestry and Wildlife. $3 783690
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