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Ecological influence of the entomopa...

Hodson, Amanda Kaye.

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Ecological influence of the entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema carpocapsae, on soil arthropods, nutrient cycling, soil respiration and root growth in pistachio orchards.

Record Type:	Language materials, printed : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Ecological influence of the entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema carpocapsae, on soil arthropods, nutrient cycling, soil respiration and root growth in pistachio orchards./
Author:	Hodson, Amanda Kaye.
Description:	82 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 72-05, Section: B, page: .
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International72-05B.
Subject:	Biology, Ecology. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3444030
ISBN:	9781124508801

Ecological influence of the entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema carpocapsae, on soil arthropods, nutrient cycling, soil respiration and root growth in pistachio orchards.
Hodson, Amanda Kaye.

Ecological influence of the entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema carpocapsae, on soil arthropods, nutrient cycling, soil respiration and root growth in pistachio orchards. - 82 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 72-05, Section: B, page: .

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Davis, 2010.

The entomopathogenic nematode (EPN), Steinernema carpocapsae, can be used in pistachio orchards to control pest populations of navel orangeworm (Amyelois transitella Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). However, we know relatively little of S. caropocapsae's natural history and ecological fate after application.

ISBN: 9781124508801Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017726
Biology, Ecology.

Ecological influence of the entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema carpocapsae, on soil arthropods, nutrient cycling, soil respiration and root growth in pistachio orchards.
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020 $a 9781124508801
035 $a (UMI)AAI3444030
035 $a AAI3444030
040 $a UMI $c UMI
100 1 $a Hodson, Amanda Kaye. $3 1675663
245 1 0 $a Ecological influence of the entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema carpocapsae, on soil arthropods, nutrient cycling, soil respiration and root growth in pistachio orchards.
300 $a 82 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 72-05, Section: B, page: .
500 $a Adviser: Edwin E. Lewis.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Davis, 2010.
520 $a The entomopathogenic nematode (EPN), Steinernema carpocapsae, can be used in pistachio orchards to control pest populations of navel orangeworm (Amyelois transitella Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). However, we know relatively little of S. caropocapsae's natural history and ecological fate after application.
520 $a We examined how S. caropocapsae affected nutrient availability, soil respiration (measured as CO2 efflux) and root growth in greenhouse microcosms. S. caropocapsae infective juveniles (IJs) had no effect on N bioavailabilty or root growth either when applied alone or with navel orangeworm larvae. In complex systems containing microorganisms, soil arthropods and growing plants, we conclude that S. caropocapsae has little effect on nutrient cycling, soil respiration and root growth.
520 $a To examine the ecological influence of Steinernema carpocapsae on pistachio orchard soil food webs, we quantified the nematodes' effects on soil arthropod and surface arthropod diversity in two large orchards in Madera County, California. Significantly more isotomid collembolans, predatory anystid mites and gnaphosid spiders were found under trees where nematodes were applied, indicating either direct predation or indirect trophic effects. Significantly fewer Forficula auricularia (Dermaptera: Forficulidae) and Blapstinus discolor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) were found under treated trees, suggesting a possible non-target infection. Nematode persistence was limited in the orchard but positively correlated with pitfall catches of the tenebrionid beetles, Nyctoporis cristata and B. discolor.
520 $a To clarify the relationship between F. auricularia and S. carpocapsae, we conducted a series of laboratory assays to determine whether the earwigs could serve as hosts for the nematode. In the laboratory, the LC50 for F. auricularia was 226 IJs /earwig and the reproductive potential was 123.5 infective juvenile nematodes/mg tissue. This susceptibility depended on host body size with significantly higher mortality rates seen in larger earwigs. In a study of host recognition behavior, S. carpocapsae infective juveniles responded to earwig cuticle as strongly as they did to Galleria mellonella cuticle. We also found that earwigs exposed to S. carpocapsae cleaned and scratched their front, middle and back legs significantly more than controls. These findings lead us to suggest that F. auricularia may be a natural host for S. carpocapsae.
590 $a School code: 0029.
650 4 $a Biology, Ecology. $3 1017726
650 4 $a Biology, Entomology. $3 1018619
650 4 $a Biogeochemistry. $3 545717
690 $a 0329
690 $a 0353
690 $a 0425
710 2 $a University of California, Davis. $b Entomology. $3 1675664
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 72-05B.
790 1 0 $a Lewis, Edwin E., $e advisor
790 1 0 $a Kaya, Harry $e committee member
790 1 0 $a Strong, Donald $e committee member
790 1 0 $a Nadler, Steven $e committee member
790 $a 0029
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2010
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3444030