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Life on a leaf: Causes and consequen...

Potter, Kristen Ann.

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Life on a leaf: Causes and consequences of oviposition-site choice in Manduca sexta.

紀錄類型:	書目-語言資料,印刷品 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Life on a leaf: Causes and consequences of oviposition-site choice in Manduca sexta./
作者:	Potter, Kristen Ann.
面頁冊數:	129 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 71-05, Section: B, page: 2791.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International71-05B.
標題:	Biology, Ecology. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3402036
ISBN:	9781109736236

Life on a leaf: Causes and consequences of oviposition-site choice in Manduca sexta.
Potter, Kristen Ann.

Life on a leaf: Causes and consequences of oviposition-site choice in Manduca sexta. - 129 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 71-05, Section: B, page: 2791.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Arizona, 2010.

Phytophagous insects and plants comprise one half of all macroscopic organisms on Earth, and understanding the causes and consequences of plant-insect interactions has been a long-standing focus in ecological and evolutionary biology. A key challenge has been determining the factors that affect how insects distribute among plants. While ditrophic and tritrophic interactions are well known and enormously important, the biophysical context in which these interactions occur is largely unexplored. This dissertation examines how a plant's physical environment affects insect performance on, and preference for, its leaves.

ISBN: 9781109736236Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017726
Biology, Ecology.

Life on a leaf: Causes and consequences of oviposition-site choice in Manduca sexta.
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500 $a Advisers: Judith Bronstein; Goggy Davidowitz.
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520 $a Phytophagous insects and plants comprise one half of all macroscopic organisms on Earth, and understanding the causes and consequences of plant-insect interactions has been a long-standing focus in ecological and evolutionary biology. A key challenge has been determining the factors that affect how insects distribute among plants. While ditrophic and tritrophic interactions are well known and enormously important, the biophysical context in which these interactions occur is largely unexplored. This dissertation examines how a plant's physical environment affects insect performance on, and preference for, its leaves.
520 $a An insect's primary physiological challenges are staying within an appropriate temperature range and retaining sufficient water. These problems are exacerbated during the egg stage. Eggs have comparatively enormous ratios of surface area to volume, and their temperature is determined largely by where they are laid. In addition, the importance of embryonic developmental events, and the potential for these events to shape an insect's phenotype, may cause eggs to be particularly sensitive to environmental perturbation. Because they are small, eggs are nearly always immersed within their plant's boundary layer, a thin layer of still air that resists heat and moisture transfer between the plant and its surroundings. Almost no work has documented the microclimate to which insects are exposed in a plant's boundary layer, which likely differs substantially both from the ambient macroclimate, and from leaf to leaf.
520 $a Because a female controls the location in which her eggs must develop, her choice of oviposition site may profoundly influence the success of her offspring. The preference-performance hypothesis predicts that insects should prefer oviposition sites that enhance the performance of their offspring; yet, 'optimal' oviposition choice may be impossible due to a number of constraints. In this dissertation I examine how site-specific environmental variables, including microclimate, predation, and leaf nutrition, drive female oviposition preference and offspring performance in the hawkmoth, Manduca sexta L. (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae). I measure how leaves of M. sexta's primary host plants in the southwestern USA modify the temperature and humidity experienced by eggs, and how these leaf microclimates affect the performance of eggs and larvae. I then test whether this species' oviposition-site choices correlate with offspring performance with regard to microclimate, predation risk, and leaf nutrition. This dissertation is unique in focusing on the relatively unstudied biophysical context in which plant-insect interactions occur. Additionally, it is the first work that compares, together in a single study, the effects of varying multiple factors related to oviposition-site choice across all life history stages in a single model system.
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