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Responses of Pseudokirchneriella sub...

Metzler, David M.

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Responses of Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata and algal assembly to photocatalytic titanium dioxide nanoparticles.

Record Type:	Language materials, printed : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Responses of Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata and algal assembly to photocatalytic titanium dioxide nanoparticles./
Author:	Metzler, David M.
Description:	244 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 71-11, Section: B, page: 6653.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International71-11B.
Subject:	Environmental Health. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3423356
ISBN:	9781124241081

Responses of Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata and algal assembly to photocatalytic titanium dioxide nanoparticles.
Metzler, David M.

Responses of Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata and algal assembly to photocatalytic titanium dioxide nanoparticles. - 244 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 71-11, Section: B, page: 6653.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Delaware, 2010.

Development and use of nanomaterials has increased significantly over the past decade. This trend is expected to continue for the foreseeable future, which have led some to call this new industrial revolution. One aspect of these materials that make them special is their unique properties that are different from the bulk material. These unique properties have not been investigated to determine to what extent they will impact the environment. This work was undertaken to understand how nanoparticles could impact algae.

ISBN: 9781124241081Subjects--Topical Terms:

578282
Environmental Health.

Responses of Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata and algal assembly to photocatalytic titanium dioxide nanoparticles.
LDR:05175nam 2200373 4500 001 1396175
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020 $a 9781124241081
035 $a (UMI)AAI3423356
035 $a AAI3423356
040 $a UMI $c UMI
100 1 $a Metzler, David M. $3 1674942
245 1 0 $a Responses of Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata and algal assembly to photocatalytic titanium dioxide nanoparticles.
300 $a 244 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 71-11, Section: B, page: 6653.
500 $a Adviser: Chin-Pao Huang.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Delaware, 2010.
520 $a Development and use of nanomaterials has increased significantly over the past decade. This trend is expected to continue for the foreseeable future, which have led some to call this new industrial revolution. One aspect of these materials that make them special is their unique properties that are different from the bulk material. These unique properties have not been investigated to determine to what extent they will impact the environment. This work was undertaken to understand how nanoparticles could impact algae.
520 $a For the determination of nanoparticle toxicity, dose-response experiments were run for similar sized Al2O3, TiO2, and SiO2. Additional, a wide range of nanoparticle sizes (d1) were tested at 100 and 1000 mg/L for Al2O3, TiO 2, and SiO2. Results of different nanoparticles and similar d1 dose-response data show increased toxicity with increased surface charge of the nanoparticle. Various d1 of Al2O 3 effect the population and chlorophyll a but not lipid peroxidation. Various d1 of SiO2 and TiO2 effect the population, chlorophyll a, and lipid peroxidation. Of all TiO2 d1 tested 42 nm had the greatest effect on population, chlorophyll a, and lipid peroxidation.
520 $a The effect of light intensity, algal age, and body burden was examined. The body burden was adjusted by varying the initial algal cell population while keeping the nanoparticle concentration constant. Decreased body burden decreased the effect on population. The chlorophyll a and lipid peroxidation varied with the initial decreased with decreased body burden. This trend was reversed at low body burden, the chlorophyll a and lipid peroxidation increased 3 -- 4 times greater than control values. The algal cell age was controlled by the hydraulic retention time of the pre-exposure continuously stirred tank reactors. As the age of the algae increased the effect of population increased. At algae age great then 10 days the effect on population reminded constant. Titanium dioxide effect on chlorophyll a varied with algal age and TiO 2 concentration. Finally, the effect of light intensity was examined for both visible and UV wavelengths. The greatest effect was for 1000 mg/L of TiO2 under varying light. Peak maximums occurred for chlorophyll a and lipid peroxidation. Peak minimums occurred for population. Varying UV light intensity resulted in decreased population for 100 and 1000 mg/L of TiO2. Additionally, chlorophyll a reached a maximum at 17 and 5 x the control values under 66% UV light for 100 and 1000 mg/L of TiO 2, respectively.
520 $a The effect of copper and phenol to P. subcapitata was examined in the presence of TiO2. Copper in the presence of TiO 2 increased both chlorophyll a and lipid peroxidation greater than in the presence of TiO2 alone. Optimum conditions were observed for both endpoints. When algae were exposed to Cu and TiO2 the compounds acted independently of each other, having an additive effect on population. The TiO2 acted as a protective barrier against phenol toxicity at low phenol concentrations. At high phenol concentrations the toxicity of both phenol and TiO2 increased. Both compounds acted to disrupt the cell wall stability as seen with microscopy imaging. This was presumed to be through destruction of the Ca-pectinate within the cell wall, as indicated by increased soluble Ca correlated with phenol concentrations.
520 $a The effect of TiO2 on cell barriers and natural algal assemblage was investigated. SEM images reveal that algae exposed to TiO2 have DNA external to the cell. Under hypotonic stress the loss of electrolytes was less controlled when the total number of nanoparticles was 1010 in the sample, at d1 less than 46 nm. At d1 greater than 46 nm no effect on electrolyte regulation was noted. Natural algal assemblages exposed to TiO2 varied there fatty acid (FA) content. This could be due to selective growth resistant reactive oxygen species (ROS) organisms or the percentages of certain FAs were decreased because of sensitivity to ROS. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
590 $a School code: 0060.
650 4 $a Environmental Health. $3 578282
650 4 $a Nanoscience. $3 587832
650 4 $a Environmental Sciences. $3 676987
690 $a 0470
690 $a 0565
690 $a 0768
710 2 $a University of Delaware. $b Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering. $3 1021002
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 71-11B.
790 1 0 $a Huang, Chin-Pao, $e advisor
790 1 0 $a Cha, Daniel K. $e committee member
790 1 0 $a Jin, Yan $e committee member
790 1 0 $a Ritter, William F. $e committee member
790 $a 0060
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2010
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3423356